GEO-6 Assessment for PAN-EUROPEAN

Figure 2.6.2: Impacts of floods in the pan-European region a) economic damage, b) number of disasters, and c) number of affected persons ....................................................................................................................................................... 109

Figure 2.6.3: Percentage of the population connected to sewage system and wastewater treatment in pan-European regions for the years 2000 and 2010...........................................................................................................................112

Figure 2.6.4: Mean annual concentrations of BOD (milligrams per litre) for the year 2010, as measured at the EIONET-Water River monitoring stations for the time period from 1993 ...........................................................................................113

Figure 2.6.5: Frequency in which severe pollution levels of biochemical oxygen demand occur in different river stretches in Central Asia over the period 2008-2010. ....................................................................................................................114

Figure 2.6.6: Proportion of classified river and lake water bodies in different EU-27 River Basin Districts holding less than good ecological status or potential .....................................................................................................................................115

Figure 2.6.7: Annual diffuse agricultural emissions of nitrogen (in kilograms per hectare) to freshwater in 2009 ............................117

Figure 2.6.8: Average total phosphorus loads per unit catchment area (kilograms per square kilometer per year) into large lakes and reservoirs in Europe (left) and Central Asia (right) ...............................................................................................118

Figure 2.7.1: Humans and marine ecosystems ...............................................................................................................................122

Figure 2.7.2: The mean trophic level of the catch per year for the western (red), central (green) and eastern (blue) Mediterranean; and the Black Sea (orange), 1970–2010 ..................................................................................................................... 124

Figure 2.7.3:

a) Arctic sea ice extent for January 2016 was 13.53 million square kilometers (5.2 million square miles). The magenta line shows the 1981-2010 median extent for that month. The black cross indicates the geographic North Pole; b) Monthly January ice extent for 1979-2016 shows a decline of 3.2 per cent per decade. ............................................. 126

Figure 2.7.4: EU conservation status of listed marine species and habitats, by ecosystem type (number of assessments in brackets), 2007-2012 .......................................................................................................127

Figure 2.7.5: European Seas, phosphorus and nitrogen loads, 1985–1990 and 2000–2005, kilotonnes per year ............................. 129

Figure 2.7.6: Left panel: temporal trends of tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD) equivalents (micrograms per kilogram of fat). Right panel: perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) concentrations (micrograms per kilogram of formula weight) in common guillemot (Uria aalge) eggs from Stora Karlsö in the Western Gotland Basin. ...........................................130

Figure 2.8.1: Soils are at the centre of the critical zone interactions between atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere and anthroposphere ..................................................................................................................................................135

Figure 2.8.2: Degradative threats affecting European soils ............................................................................................................136 Figure 2.8.3: Land take from urban development in the EU at the expense other land use categories, 2000-2006 ..........................138 Figure 2.8.4: Soil biomass productivity of croplands in the EU-27 in 2006 .......................................................................................141 Figure 2.8.5: Percentage of change in European population for the period 2001-2011 ....................................................................143

Figure 2.8.6: Sahara dust storms affecting Southern Europe and Turkey Dust storm event of 15 January 2014 over Cyprus and Turkey ...................................................................................................................................................................... 144

Figure 4.1.1: Factors of human well-being in the OECD’s Better Life Index for Turkey and Sweden ................................................161

Figure 4.2.1: Contrasting projections of domestic material extraction and material footprint in the EU with and without abatement measures ............................................................................................................................................... 166

Figure 4.2.2: Linking sustainable consumption and production to other global goals .....................................................................167

357

Page 1 | Page 2 | Page 3 | Page 4 | Page 5 | Page 6 | Page 7 | Page 8 | Page 9 | Page 10 | Page 11 | Page 12 | Page 13 | Page 14 | Page 15 | Page 16 | Page 17 | Page 18 | Page 19 | Page 20 | Page 21 | Page 22 | Page 23 | Page 24 | Page 25 | Page 26 | Page 27 | Page 28 | Page 29 | Page 30 | Page 31 | Page 32 | Page 33 | Page 34 | Page 35 | Page 36 | Page 37 | Page 38 | Page 39 | Page 40 | Page 41 | Page 42 | Page 43 | Page 44 | Page 45 | Page 46 | Page 47 | Page 48 | Page 49 | Page 50 | Page 51 | Page 52 | Page 53 | Page 54 | Page 55 | Page 56 | Page 57 | Page 58 | Page 59 | Page 60 | Page 61 | Page 62 | Page 63 | Page 64 | Page 65 | Page 66 | Page 67 | Page 68 | Page 69 | Page 70 | Page 71 | Page 72 | Page 73 | Page 74 | Page 75 | Page 76 | Page 77 | Page 78 | Page 79 | Page 80 | Page 81 | Page 82 | Page 83 | Page 84 | Page 85 | Page 86 | Page 87 | Page 88 | Page 89 | Page 90 | Page 91 | Page 92 | Page 93 | Page 94 | Page 95 | Page 96 | Page 97 | Page 98 | Page 99 | Page 100 | Page 101 | Page 102 | Page 103 | Page 104 | Page 105 | Page 106 | Page 107 | Page 108 | Page 109 | Page 110 | Page 111 | Page 112 | Page 113 | Page 114 | Page 115 | Page 116 | Page 117 | Page 118 | Page 119 | Page 120 | Page 121 | Page 122 | Page 123 | Page 124 | Page 125 | Page 126 | Page 127 | Page 128 | Page 129 | Page 130 | Page 131 | Page 132 | Page 133 | Page 134 | Page 135 | Page 136 | Page 137 | Page 138 | Page 139 | Page 140 | Page 141 | Page 142 | Page 143 | Page 144 | Page 145 | Page 146 | Page 147 | Page 148 | Page 149 | Page 150 | Page 151 | Page 152 | Page 153 | Page 154 | Page 155 | Page 156 | Page 157 | Page 158 | Page 159 | Page 160 | Page 161 | Page 162 | Page 163 | Page 164 | Page 165 | Page 166 | Page 167 | Page 168 | Page 169 | Page 170 | Page 171 | Page 172 | Page 173 | Page 174 | Page 175 | Page 176 | Page 177 | Page 178 | Page 179 | Page 180 | Page 181 | Page 182 | Page 183 | Page 184 | Page 185 | Page 186 | Page 187 | Page 188 | Page 189 | Page 190 | Page 191 | Page 192 | Page 193 | Page 194 | Page 195 | Page 196 | Page 197 | Page 198 | Page 199 | Page 200 | Page 201 | Page 202 | Page 203 | Page 204 | Page 205 | Page 206 | Page 207 | Page 208 | Page 209 | Page 210 | Page 211 | Page 212 | Page 213 | Page 214 | Page 215 | Page 216 | Page 217 | Page 218 | Page 219 | Page 220 | Page 221 | Page 222 | Page 223 | Page 224 | Page 225 | Page 226 | Page 227 | Page 228 | Page 229 | Page 230 | Page 231 | Page 232 | Page 233 | Page 234 | Page 235 | Page 236 | Page 237 | Page 238 | Page 239 | Page 240 | Page 241 | Page 242 | Page 243 | Page 244 | Page 245 | Page 246 | Page 247 | Page 248 | Page 249 | Page 250 | Page 251 | Page 252 | Page 253 | Page 254 | Page 255 | Page 256 | Page 257 | Page 258 | Page 259 | Page 260 | Page 261 | Page 262 | Page 263 | Page 264 | Page 265 | Page 266 | Page 267 | Page 268 | Page 269 | Page 270 | Page 271 | Page 272 | Page 273 | Page 274 | Page 275 | Page 276 | Page 277 | Page 278 | Page 279 | Page 280 | Page 281 | Page 282 | Page 283 | Page 284 | Page 285 | Page 286 | Page 287 | Page 288 | Page 289 | Page 290 | Page 291 | Page 292 | Page 293 | Page 294 | Page 295 | Page 296 | Page 297 | Page 298 | Page 299 | Page 300 | Page 301 | Page 302 | Page 303 | Page 304 | Page 305 | Page 306 | Page 307 | Page 308 | Page 309 | Page 310 | Page 311 | Page 312 | Page 313 | Page 314 | Page 315 | Page 316 | Page 317 | Page 318 | Page 319 | Page 320 | Page 321 | Page 322 | Page 323 | Page 324 | Page 325 | Page 326 | Page 327 | Page 328 | Page 329 | Page 330 | Page 331 | Page 332 | Page 333 | Page 334 | Page 335 | Page 336 | Page 337 | Page 338 | Page 339 | Page 340 | Page 341 | Page 342 | Page 343 | Page 344 | Page 345 | Page 346 | Page 347 | Page 348 | Page 349 | Page 350 | Page 351 | Page 352 | Page 353 | Page 354 | Page 355 | Page 356 | Page 357 | Page 358 | Page 359 | Page 360 | Page 361 | Page 362 | Page 363 | Page 364 | Page 365 | Page 366 | Page 367 | Page 368 | Page 369 | Page 370 | Page 371 | Page 372 | Page 373 | Page 374 | Page 375 | Page 376