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130. Embedded mitigation (as previously described in section 7.3.3) has been referred to and included in the initial assessment of significance of an impact. If an identified impact requires further mitigation then the residual impact is evaluated. If no further mitigation is required, or is unlikely to have a positive ameliorating effect or if no further mitigation is practicably achievable, then the assessment of significance of an impact would remain as the initial assessment.


7.4.4 Cumulative Impact Assessment 131. Cumulative impacts have been assessed through consideration of the extent of influence of changes or effects upon marine geology, oceanography and physical processes arising from the proposed East Anglia THREE project alone and those arising from the proposed East Anglia THREE project cumulatively or in combination with other offshore windfarm developments (particularly the proposed East Anglia ONE and the proposed East Anglia FOUR project but also giving consideration to the offshore cables crossing those for Greater Gabbard Offshore Wind Farm and Galloper Wind Farm) and other nearby sea bed activities, including marine aggregate extraction and marine disposal.


132. The cumulative impact assessment draws from findings of earlier studies undertaken to inform the East Anglia ZEA (ABPmer 2012a) which considered cumulative effects arising from development of the whole zone and the ES for the proposed East Anglia ONE project (ABPmer 2012b) which considered cumulative effects from that project and marine aggregate extraction activities in close proximity to the offshore cable corridor.


7.4.5 Transboundary Impact Assessment 133. Transboundary impacts have been assessed through consideration of the extent of influence of changes or effects and their potential to impact upon marine geology, oceanography and physical processes receptor groups that are located within other EU member states.


134. Transboundary impacts were considered in the Scoping Report and it was concluded that “transboundary impacts are unlikely to occur or are unlikely to be significant.” (East Anglia Offshore Wind Ltd 2012). This statement is supported by the assessments that have been made in the East Anglia Zonal Environmental Appraisal (ABPmer 2012a), the Environmental Statement of the proposed East Anglia ONE project (ABPmer 2012b) and the present East Anglia THREE PEIR.


Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014


East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm Chapter 7 Marine Geology, Oceanography and Physical Processes Page 31


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