17.5.2 Maritime
17.5.2.1 Introduction 77.
Following the inundation of the Study Area by rising sea levels, any human activity could be expected to be of a maritime nature. Maritime sites may include both wrecks and material accidentally or deliberately lost overboard.
78.
The “known” maritime resource, comprising the actual remains of wrecks on the sea bed or associated finds, presents the marine archaeological existing baseline conditions within the Study Area. However, due to the biased nature of the records available which represent the “known” maritime resource (see Appendix 17.1), there is the potential for hitherto unknown wrecks to exist within the Study Area.
79.
The “potential” maritime resource is therefore also considered in order to facilitate the identification of the likelihood for hitherto unknown material and sites to exist which relate to our maritime past. The “potential” maritime resource relates to vessels which have been lost in the past but whose remains have yet to be located. An assessment of the “potential” maritime resource also depends on an understanding of the variable survivability and visibility of wrecks on the sea bed. This is dictated by a combination of factors explored in Appendix 17.1.
80.
The known maritime receptors within the East Anglia THREE site and offshore cable corridor are discussed below. The discussion of known maritime receptors is followed by a summary of documented losses in the region and a subsequent overview of the “potential” maritime baseline environment (Figure 17.14).
17.5.2.2 Known Maritime Receptors: The East Anglia THREE site 81.
There are 12 known wrecks within the East Anglia THREE site located during the archaeological assessment of geophysical data (Figures 17.15 and 17.16). One such wreck is designated by Schedule 1 of the Protection of Military Remains Act 1986; the HMS Fitzroy (WA 71012) (Figure 17.18).
82. Details of these wrecks are included in the gazetteer in Appendix 17.3 (section 1.3), illustrated in Figures 17.18 to 17.25 and summarised in Table 17.12. The results of the geophysical assessment are presented in full in Appendix 17.2. These wrecks are categorised in Table 17.12 as A1 receptors (wrecks seen in the archaeologically assessed geophysical data) or A3 receptors (charted sites not seen in the geophysical data). A3 receptors therefore include historical records which either remained unverified because no geophysical signature was noted at their charted location or because their charted location lies beyond the area assessed as part of the geophysical review, as shown in Figures 17.15 and 17.16.
Preliminary Environmental Information May 2014
East Anglia THREE Offshore Windfarm
Chapter 17 Offshore Archaeology Page 47
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