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Natural Resources RANCHING


We cannot make it rain, but we can control how much rain we keep on the property.


soil moisture is available. Goodwin says that on closer inspection, greenup can sometimes even be seen on individual plants within a few days. The key to suffi cient soil moisture is not the amount


of rain received, but instead, how the rain is managed once it lands in the pasture. “Soil moisture is not governed by us adding mois-


ture to the ground,” says Goodwin. “We can’t control rainfall and we cannot make it rain, but we can control how much rain we keep on the property.” Moisture can be maintained in the soil by minimiz-


ing bare ground in a pasture. Goodwin recommends managing with a proper stocking rate and rotating to leave enough cover to provide shade and build organic matter. “The temperature differences between bare ground


soil and soil that’s covered can be 40 to 50 degrees at times,” says Goodwin. “The hotter the soil is, the more it is losing soil moisture, so you want to keep it cool and you want to keep good soil structure.”


As organic matter grows, it adds to the soil structure


and porosity, which ensures that when it does rain, the rain infi ltrates into the soil and less is lost to runoff. Goodwin recommends rest and rotation to build


adequate rangeland health, but also advises that the timing of a prescribed fi re can aid with soil moisture issues. In Texas, most grasses are warm-season peren- nials, which have a growth curve that begins in about March and ends around November. Burning closer to spring greenup will benefi t the grass stand and create a quicker response. Conversely, burning earlier will benefi t forbs and other plants, but the pasture will remain black longer. “If we can time our fi res within the window of when


we expect that annual precipitation with those months where we actually get most of our precipitation, we are hedging our bets to the positive side,” says Goodwin. However, he notes that rainfall is not an issue if


the pasture has proper soil moisture. In his recent work with the Noble Foundation, Goodwin burned a hot fi re on a pasture in June, but the pasture had ad- equate soil moisture. Within 3 weeks, the pasture had 8 inches of growth on his deep rooted, warm-season perennial grasses.


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