Pitchcare Classifieds SPORTS EQUIPMENT
SPRAYERS
Insect Pests It’s a bug’s life
GOALS MAKE GAMES. WE MAKEGOALS.
TALK TO MARK HARROD 01502 710039
www.markharrod.com
WWW.SPORTSMARK.NET THE TOTAL SPORTS PROVIDER
Training Equipment • Bootwipers • Shelters Groundsman’s Equipment
Construction/Installation Service for: Bowling Greens, Wickets and Cages, Sportshalls, Throwing Cages, Jumping Pits and Ball Courts
CALL MIKE OR JULIE NOW! T 01635 867537 F 01635 864588
SALES@SPORTSMARK.NET
Sports Ground and Golf Course Furniture Hunting Billbug SPORTS TURF COVERS
Addressing the Emergence of Two New Turfgrass Insect Pests in the United States. Report by Diane E Silcox, Terri Hoctor Billeisen, and Rick L Brandenburg, Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University
TOPDRESSING & LOAM SWEEPERS
Ongar Loam cricket dressing and top quality golf and bowls dressings
Order direct from the manufacturer and our distributors
Moreton, Ongar, Essex, CM5 0HY
Tel: 01277 890246 Fax: 01277 890105
www.binderloams.co.uk Email:
sales@binderloams.co.uk
SPRAYERS KALOAM made only from the original material
Surrey, Mendip and Growloam also produced
We have our own laboratory for batch and quality control, carrying out independent analysis for verification.
T: 01202 537777 F: 01202 532765 E:
growing@roffeybrothers.co.uk W:
www.roffeybrothers.co.uk
t is important for turfgrass managers to be aware of two new insect pests of turfgrass - the hunting billbug and the sugarcane beetle - and the challenges in managing them. The hunting billbug is not necessarily a new pest of turfgrass; previous literature has noted their presence in cool season turfgrass. Recently, it has become prevalent in the southeastern United States in warm season grass, primarily on bermuda and zoysia grasses. The sugarcane beetle was first discovered in North Carolina a decade ago and has become a much more significant problem in the last three years, exclusively targeting bermuda and zoysia.
I
The challenge in managing both of these insects is that relatively little is known about their biology and ecology in warm season turfgrass. Extensive research is being conducted at North Carolina State University to determine the lifecycles of these insects and to develop management practices for turfgrass managers. The hunting billbug
(Sphenophorus venatus vestitus) was first described as a pest in 1956 on zoysia grass in a Florida nursery. A native to the southeastern United States, it is one of the most widely
distributed and abundant billbug species. They can be found from New Jersey to Florida, through the Gulf States into Texas and north to Kansas and Missouri. They primarily feed on zoysia grass and hybrid bermuda grass, but also have been noted as pests on bahia grass, centipede grass, St. Augustine grass, seashore paspalum, tall fescue, Kentucky bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, and
140 PC JUNE/JULY 2012 Chewings fescue. Hunting billbug adults
measure 0.3-0.4” in length and are black, charcoal grey, or brownish in colour. The distinguishing characteristics for this species are a smooth, non- punctated Y-shaped area behind the head and parenthesis-like curved markings on the sides of the pronotum. They typically overwinter as adults or larvae in the thatch or soil.
Adults emerge from their overwintering sites, as temperatures increase in the spring, to feed on the turfgrass and mate. They are active at night and will feign death when disturbed. Adults will lay oblong, creamy white eggs from May into September. Eggs hatch in 3- 10 days and the larvae that emerge are white, legless and have a brown head capsule. After the larvae emerge, they immediately begin feeding on the turfgrass stems and, as they mature, the crown, roots, and stolons. Larvae are most common from May to October and can be found from the thatch to 6 inches deep in the soil. They reach full maturity in 3-5 weeks after egg hatch and then pupate in the 2-4 inches in the soil. They spend 3-7 days in the pupal stage and then emerge as adult hunting billbugs. This cycle continues until temperatures decrease in the autumn.
Hunting billbug adults and larvae feed on stolons, crowns, roots and new leaf tissue. Due to feeding, the grass lacks sufficient roots to obtain water, nutrients or stay anchored to the soil. Damage caused by hunting billbugs can be characterised as irregular, elongated or rounded areas of brown, dying grass and tufts of grass are easily lifted
Goals • Nets • Cages • Wickets
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