• All bulls of unknown status should have 3 nega- tive tests using PCR or culture. These tests should be administered at least 1 week apart. Bulls should have no contact with cows within one week of the initial test.
• Implement a defi ned breeding season. The pres- ence of open cows and aborted pregnancies will be more apparent.
• Identify herd sires and keep records of breeding activity. This could make bull isolation easier if a herd becomes infected.
• Consider keeping bulls in the same breeding groups for several seasons. If a false-negative bull does manage to slip through the cracks, he cannot infect the entire herd.
• Artifi cial insemination can be a useful tool to avoid trich or to help break the cycle of infection in a herd. Reputable semen companies repeatedly test bulls for many diseases, including trich, to ensure that the semen is not contaminated.
• Avoid buying open or short-bred cows of less than 120 days pregnant. Cows exposed to trich cannot be considered safe in calf until they are at least 120 days pregnant. Open or short-bred cows from un-
known sources are particularly risky and must be quarantined or examined by a veterinarian before they are added to a herd.
• If you buy replacement cows, isolate them from the existing herd for the fi rst season. This will ensure that any animals with trich will have suffi cient time to clear the infection before they are exposed to your established herd.
• If you suspect your herd has been exposed, or if adequate biosecurity measures cannot be imple- mented, vaccination can be utilized to help mitigate economic losses. Many states have rules regarding requirements for
trich testing and interstate movement. Contact your veterinarian to make sure you have the proper paper- work to transport any animals across state lines. Texas requires that all breeding bulls test negative
for trich at ownership change. Buyers have 7 days from the purchase date of an adult bull to test it, get it to slaughter, resell at a market or promise to test within 30 days. For more information on trich regulations, forms
and fact sheets, contact the Texas Animal Health Com- mission at
tahc.state.tx.us or 800-550-8242.
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www.centurylivestockfeeders.com tscra.org October 2015 The Cattleman 107
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