Livestock Management RANCHING
Are Modifi ed-Live Vaccines Worth the Risks?
H
AVING A COW GIVE BIRTH TO A HEALTHY CALF TAKES PLAN- ning, time and effort. Genetics are studied, bulls
are carefully selected. Serious consideration is given to providing every cow with the best nutrition and health programs possible. Imagine then how discouraging it is to have more than 20 percent of the cows open at calving and how upsetting it is to discover those preg- nancy losses could have been avoided had different vaccination protocols been implemented. A new potential culprit for reproductive losses is the
use of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) modifi ed- live vaccines (MLVs) in breeding age females. New university studies, investigations and on-farm fi ndings are showing that vaccinating cows with an MLV during gestation can result in reproductive losses, along with challenges in subsequent breeding seasons.
25 percent abortion loss in healthy heifers One of these investigations involved a well-man-
aged herd at the University of Wyoming. Heifers in the university herd had been appropriately vaccinated prebreeding with an MLV and were vaccinated again at about 7 months of pregnancy. In the weeks and months following, the university herd aborted about 25 percent of their calf crop, said Dr. Donal O’Toole, lead inves- tigator and professor at the University of Wyoming. O’Toole noted, “At the Wyoming State Vet Lab we
found there was an association with recent use of mod- ifi ed-live IBR vaccines, despite the fact that they were administered following label directions.” The heifers had classical lesions and there was no evidence of any other causes of abortion in the animals. “My colleagues and I came to the conclusion that
using a modifi ed-live IBR vaccine can cause abortions,” O’Toole said. The investigation has been published in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Asso- ciation (JAVMA).
Increased incidence of IBR abortions Dr. Kerry Barling, Bull Creek Veterinary Services,
points out that using an MLV in pregnant cows did not receive approval from the USDA until 2004. Then in 2005, there was a dramatic increase in IBR abortion diagnoses. “This may have been incorrect adoption of MLVs
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October 2014 The Cattleman 77
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