Livestock Management RANCHING
and fourth months of gestation — day 45 to day 125. If the virus doesn’t kill the fetus, the virus replicates as if it were the fetus’ own proteins. The BVD virus is recognized as part of the natural protein in the body, so the calf acts like a Trojan horse and carries the virus for life. The calves then shed vast quantities of the virus
through their natural body fl uids, infecting their pas- ture mates. BVD-PI calves are a threat to any cows or replace-
ment heifers that may be running alongside stocker cattle. “Within the 2 types of BVD, we have cytopathogenic
and non-cytopathogenic,” Spire says. “The cytopatho- genic BVD is really destructive and aggressive. It causes quite a bit of clinical disease. But the non-cytopatho- genic BVD is subtle. While it can cause mild disease, it really likes to attack young, developing fetuses.”
Pinkeye and parasites There are other concerns for calves arriving at a
grazing operation in the fall. Spire says this is right at the end of the pinkeye season, so check calves for pinkeye symptoms and treat them immediately.
“Generally, late season vaccination for pinkeye
doesn’t give much bang for the buck, so we tend to rely on active treatment programs,” he says. Before the fi rst frost there is an internal parasite
risk. If the calves are dewormed before they go out onto the pasture after the frost, there is very little risk of reinfection. “After deworming, we shift our emphasis toward
external parasite control,” he says. “We’ll see lice over- winter on our stocker calves, so we will typically use a product that gets lice and internal parasites at the post- frost treatment period, or we can use a pour-on or an oral feed-through product for internal parasite control. “If the cattle are parasite-clean when they are pulled
off of their pastures or forage programs, we’ll have a very responsive calf with a very low health risk go- ing into the feedyard.” Spire also says a good time to remove the old fl y tags is while you have the cattle in the squeeze chute for deworming or louse control, rather than leaving the tags on through the winter. During the second and third month after arrival,
he suggests the operator check stocker cattle for major health defects such as eyes injured by pinkeye, swol- len and painful joints or feet, or even animals that just
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tscra.org
October 2014 The Cattleman 73
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