Laser Micro Welding By Geoff Shannon, PhD, Laser Technology Manager— Miyachi America Corporation
Laser micro welding generally cov- ers applications with less than 0.04" (1-mm) penetration. This noncontact process for spot and seam welding offers low heat input, tailored weld dimensions, high-speed welding, and wide range of joint geometries and materials. The foundation and con- tinuing growth of laser micro welding is largely based on medical device manufacture, automotive sensors and airbags, batteries and consumer electronics. The lasers that are suitable for micro welding are pulsed Nd:YAG, fiber and diode—each offers unique features that align to specific applica- tions. The pulsed Nd:YAG laser has by far the largest install base with peak powers and pulse widths designed for micro welding; 25–50-W pulsed Nd:YAG lasers are routinely used to seam weld 0.015" (0.381-mm) thick ti- tanium cases for implantable devices. More recently developed fiber lasers offer excellent flexibility in tailoring weld dimensions and the best penetra- tion per watt performance that enables high-speed seam welding. A 300-W fiber laser can seam weld 0.01" (0.25- mm) thick airbag detonator casings at 2 ips (50 mm/s), a 20-W pulsed fiber laser can produce a 0.001" (0.025- mm) diameter spot weld in 0.001" (0.025-mm) thick foil. The diode laser
is a well-established laser technology that been used for many plastic welding applications, notably in the automotive industry for welding the rear light housing. Welding of plastics with lasers is a current growth area, particularly with the development of laser-friendly plas-
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