Pipe lining | technical article
pressure may be sufficient for it to become possible to use polymer liners in many low-gas hydrocarbon pipelines where the total vapour pressure is higher than the present anticipated limit of ~10 bar. Full-scale collapse tests are required before any additional pressure resistance imparted by residual strain can be included in the collapse equation. Whatever the critical pressure limitation proves to be
for these polymer liners, there will be some limit where the gas pressure in hydrocarbon applications is too high for the liner to withstand collapse by virtue of its own strength. In these cases the only solution will be to use a vent. Swagelining Ltd owns the proprietary LinerVent device, which enables permeated gases to vent back into the transported fluids to prevent collapse. External venting is not needed in such a system solution.
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Summary Liners using engineering polymers are suitable for some low-gas hydrocarbon and multi-phase pipelines transporting hydrocarbons without the need to vent. It is clear that an appropriate polymer such as Solvay Specialty Polymers’ Solef PVDF should be selected for
References
[1] Brogden S., Fryer M., Polymer lined pipelines for subsea water injection service, MERL Oilfield Engineering with Polymers, London, 6th September 2010.
[2] McIntyre S, Polymer Liners for Pipelines: The Cost and Benefits of Polymer Liners in Subsea Pipeline Applications, Atkins Boreas report for Swagelining Limited, 26th April 2010.
[3] API Recommended Practice 17N, Recommended Practice for Subsea Production System Reliability and Technical Risk Management, First Edition, March 2009.
[4] Frost S.R., Korsunsky A.M., Wu Y.S., Gibson A.G., 3-D Modelling of Liner Collapse, Paper 0779 NACE Corrosion 2000, Orlando, Florida, March 2000.
[5] Wang S.S., Mason J.F., Yu T-P., Effect of Tightness on Thermoplastic Liner Collapse Resistance, Paper 00789, NACE Corrosion 2000, Orlando, Florida, March 2000.
Note: Swagelining and LinerVent are trademarks of Swagelining Limited. Solef is a trademark of Solvay Specialty Polymers.
demanding requirements. CRAs are being specified in some applications today where a polymer lined carbon steel pipeline could do the job at a significant discount, with improved availability and without increasing risk.
About the authors: Marie Schmidt is industry platform manager – oil and gas with Solvay Specialty Polymers. Steve Brogden is materials manager with Swagelining Ltd. ❙
www.solvayspecialtypolymers.com ❙
www.swagelining.com
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