Trans RINA, Vol 154, Part C1, Intl J Marine Design, Jan - Jun 2012
boards are a collection of visual images (e.g. photographs, material samples) gathered together to represent an emotional response to a design brief [13, 14]. This technique enables designers to communicate and express themselves beyond linguistic restrictions. Designers may use this tool to communicate intangible and abstract emotions such as happiness, sadness and calm. Equally, this
tool has been employed to enable users to
communicate their emotional responses to products, task and their experience through abstract images.
Designers must effectively understand and applying the elements and principles of design respectively in a creative process to develop better designs which have a greater impact with the design client. The elements of design are: line; shape; texture colour form space and direction. A few of the principles of design are: harmony, contrast,
repetition, emphasis, gradation and balance.
These principles are how a designer decides to combine all the elements together [11].
In order to derive a design specification for the hovercraft, further technical research was carried out through dialogue with the hovercraft industry and current operators of
the TCWR. Parametric engineering
calculations were carried out using Excel to determine technical specification of hovercraft engine size power requirements to go up inclines. A review of the current TCWR infrastructure was carried out to determine loading/unloading considerations
including identification of crew the
Ergonomics was addressed in the design process through a considered UCD approach to the
accommodation needs through dialogue with operators to determine crew operational activities and
using DHM (Digital Human Modelling) CAD
considerations. Storyboarding was used to interrogate crew activities in detail. As the design developed into CAD more detailed 3D ergonomics analysis was carried out
ergonomes based on data from People Size. Use of Ramisis to interrogate reach and vision.
3.2 DESIGN SPECIFICATION
The research into current cargo sizes and the operational terrain discussed in the introduction led to a design specification
minimum additional infrastructure and is capable ice conditions. The Hovercraft design
for a hovercraft (ACV) which requires of
supplying the mines all year round by using the TCWR, regardless of
addressing the following key specification points:
Must be able to carry at least 35 t of payload (should aim for 55 t)
Must be able to carry 90% of all types of cargo currently carried on Ice Road.
Must not exceed 15 m in width to allow passage through current portages. Must have a range of at minimise refueling infrastructure.
least 700 km to C-4 Figure 1: Exterior form development
procedures and concerns. cockpit and safety
4. DESIGN OUTPUT
4.1 EXTERIOR FORM DEVELOPMENT AND PAYLOAD PACKAGING
The exterior form and technical configuration was lead by the payload packaging requirements. It was critical to have unobstructed sides to cargo deck in order to facilitate the loading/unloading process, with as large a deck space as possible. Weight distribution was another critical factor to ensure stability. To ensure propulsion efficiency the fans would have to be above the height of the cargo in an uninterrupted air stream.
Must be more efficient (litres of fuel per hour per kg of
cargo) than air transport Hercules typical aircraft currently used).
Detailed research into hovercraft technology highlighted the following technical design considerations:
Design footprint dimensions 30 -40m x 10 -15m
Gas turbine propulsion system powering 4 x ducted propellers and centrifugal lift fans
Lightweight construction materials to mimimise dry weight and hence fuel consumption. Employ
fly-by-wire control interfaces.
Provide comfortable sleeping accommodation for up to two crewmembers.
technology to simplify
(C-130
©2012: The Royal Institution of Naval Architects
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