Ad ver tori A l FOR LITTORAL CONTROL Every maritime country has to
exercise efficient control over its littoral zone. This means defence of territorial water borders, protec- tion of marine bioresources and minerals in exclusive economic zones, struggle against contraband smuggling, drug trafficking and sea piracy, as well as conduct of rescue operations at sea. Neither should the risk of re-
gional conflicts flaring up and es- calating be overlooked, into which maritime states may be drawn. Therefore navies are assigned as their main tasks timely detec- tion, prevention and disruption or weakening of hostile attacks from sea directions.
maritime and air traffic control systems monitoring movements of civil and military vessels and air- craft. These data are duly issued to state and military administrative bodies, as well as to other organisa- tions and services concerned. In this connection Rosobo- ronexport, the principal Russian exporter of the whole range of mil- itary and dual-purpose products and services, promotes to poten- tial customers an advanced set of equipment gradually expandable to a nation-wide integrated littoral surveillance, security and defence system. Its main elements are coastal surveillance posts designed for data collection from surveillance assets, its handling, storage and transmis- sion.
Such surveillance assets in-
Komor-1 magneto-coustic antisaboteur system
In such circumstances it is
most effective and economical to strengthen security by deploying integrated sea monitoring systems composed of surface, underwater and airspace surveillance assets, automated command and control, data handling as well as commu- nications and data transmission equipment. Modern approach to such sys-
tem development is based on principles of integration and uni- fication. Data about all objects detected in the littoral zone, sea states and weather conditions are fused, processed and stored in a single database which is updated in real time with information com- ing from coastal stations, facilities belonging to power agencies, and
clude various types of coastal ra- dars installed on shore. They are the MR-10M1E and its mobile version Mys-M1E, Pozitiv-ME, Podberyozovik-ET1 and Fregat radars, as well as unified radio technical posts linked via local area network. They can form ter- ritorial surveillance subsystems covering offshore water areas 500 miles long and up to 200 miles wide. Sea target acquisition and identification assets ensure guar- anteed detection of combat ships of all types as well as any other vessels that may be used by ter- rorists, border infiltrators, poach- ers, pirates, and invaders of off- shore oil production facilities. Early detection of these targets ensures their timely interception or destruction. Radio technical posts are
equipped with radar and electro- optical systems of various types which operate in different frequen- cy bands and monitor littoral areas day and night under any weather conditions, electromagnetic, sonar and other types of sensors made in stationary or mobile configu- rations, as well as navigation and
mapping aids. The posts are capable of drawing detailed sea situation maps for their zones of responsi- bility. Coastal radars detect and identify maritime targets (friend- or-foe), determine their coordi- nates and movement parameters. TV and IR cameras transmit video images used to identify detected targets. This information is updat- ed with data from automatic IFF system transponders about routes, intentions, nature of freight, and owners of the detected ships. The territorial information centre re- ceives data on weather conditions transmitted at set intervals by the automatic meteorological station installed on the radio technical post, as well as data relayed from sea sonar buoys. Automatic digi- tal communications equipment of the radio technical posts provides VHF/HF communications with customers located both within and outside zones of direct radio exchange by connecting several transponders into a switched-on link up to 200 km long. The radio technical posts can operate under fully automatic remote control, or under automated control by a shift of operators. The system marketed by Roso- boronexport can use over-the-ho- rizon surveillance assets boasting unique capabilities and character- istics. One of such assets, the Pod- solnukh-E surface-wave surveil- lance radar, is capable of operating day and night under any weather conditions. It can detect surface and air targets at a range of up to 450 km over the water area of 25,000
sq.miles. The Podsolnukh- E automatically determines target coordinates and movement param- eters, classifies targets and trans- mits real-time information about them to rapid deployment forces. In accordance with the operational algorithm the radar performs au- tomatic analysis of jamming situ- ation and adapts to its variations. Several radars of this type can be
VIGILANT EYE
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