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ranking Republican in the cham- ber—Jon Kyl (Ariz.)—came out Sunday against the treaty. State Department spokesman
P.J. Crowley said Republican lawmakers had raised legitimate issues, but “we believe that we’ve answered those concerns . . . Any objections at this point aremore about politics than substance.” Senate Republicans are in the
unusual position of bucking top U.S. military leaders twice in a week — first on the “don’t ask, don’t tell” legislation, which Mullen and Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates supported, and now on New START. Nearly all current and former commanders of U.S. nuclear-weapons forces have backed the treaty. Mullen’s letter was a rebuke
to Republicans who have sought to postpone consideration of the
treaty until next year and amend it to allow more inspections and to raise the number of permitted nuclear-capablemissiles and air- craft. “The sooner it is ratified, the
better,” he wrote, saying that New START was “vital to U.S. national security.” Mullen emphasized that he
had been personally involved in the treaty’s negotiations. “Mili- tary perspectiveswere thorough-
ly considered,” he wrote. The letter was requested by
Sen. John F. Kerry (D-Mass.), who has led the effort to ratify the treaty. The treaty reduces deployed,
long-range warheads on both sides by up to 30 percent and trims the number of submarines, missiles and heavy bombers that carry them. More important, in themilitary’s eyes, the pact rees- tablishes a system in which each
side inspects the other’s strategic arsenal. A similar monitoring system ended last year when START I expired. Without such inspections,
Mullenwrote, themilitarymight be forced into “an inordinate and unwise shift of scarce resources fromother high priority require- ments to maintain adequate awareness of Russian nuclear forces.” Officials have said, for example, that theywould have to
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A5 Joint Chiefs chairman’s letter increases pressure on Republicans
divert satellites from hot spots such as Afghanistan to increase coverage of Russia. New START has split the Re-
publican Party. Many foreign- policy luminaries, including for- mer secretaries of state Henry Kissinger and JamesA. Baker III, support the pact. In the Senate, there are several
camps. Some Republicans, in- cluding Jim DeMint (S.C.), have said that arms-control treaties are outdated and, instead, want to develop a highly advanced missile-defense shield — some- thing along the lines of President Ronald Reagan’s “Star Wars” concept. But others, although critical of
New START, seem more upset that the Obama administration stopped negotiatingwith Repub- lican leaders and moved to get the pact approved by year’s end. McConnell had called for the treaty to be considered early next year, when Republicans would have more votes. Currently, at least nine Republican votes are needed to pass the treaty; next year, the number will be 14. “What he’s trying to say is:We
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publicans — including Sen. John Thune (S.D.), a prominent oppo- nent of the treaty—are position- ing themselves for a presidential run and emphasizing their bona fides on national security. A few influential Republican groups, notably the Heritage Founda- tion’s grass-roots arm, have tak- en strong positions against the pact. The administration had
worked for months to win the support ofKyl, themainRepubli- can negotiator, ultimately pledg- ing to spend an additional $14 billion to ease his concerns about modernizing the country’s aging nuclear complex. But when the senator fromArizona declared in November that therewasn’t time to pass the treaty during the lame-duck session, the adminis- tration decided to work around him. TheWhite House is optimistic
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it has the supermajority of two- thirds of senators required to pass the treaty. On Monday, Sen. Scott Brown (R-Mass.) declared he would vote for it. Asked whether Sen. Robert F. Bennett (R-Utah)would support the pact, spokeswoman Andrea Candrian said, “Yes, he’s planning on it.” Sen. Johnny Isakson (R.-Ga.), a
Foreign Relations Committee member who supported the pact in committee and spoke in favor of it on the floor, told the Hill newspaper on Monday that it “sounds like” hewill vote in favor of ratification. Four other Republican sena-
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reporters that he was leaning toward supporting the treaty. Sen. Bob Corker (R-Tenn.) said Monday that he has not made a decision yet but that it appeared “the caveats that I’ve laid out are going to be dealt with.” Historically, nuclear arms-re-
duction treaties have passed with overwhelmingmajorities. “This has become, hands
down, themost partisan debate,” said Stephen Young of the Union of Concerned Scientists. As senators debated Monday
two amendments that would fundamentally alter the treaty — increasing the number of permit- ted inspections and nuclear de- livery vehicles — Russian For- eign Minister Sergei Lavrov said such changeswere unacceptable. “I can only underscore that the
Strategic Nuclear Arms Treaty . . . in our view fully answers to the national interests of Russia and the United States,” Lavrov told the Interfax news agency. “It cannot be opened up and be- come the subject of new negotia- tions.” Supporters of the treaty easily
defeated both amendments.
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