3D VISION Puliš expects 3D technology to continue


evolving. ‘I think there are still some improvements. Tis technology has some limitations, when you take into account the amount of spend to light and so on. Tere are some possibilities but for now, these devices are still quite unique for some applications where robots need to pick something. I think that now there is more demand for this kind of robotic application because there are some problems with labour – there are not enough people. ‘We must look for new ways of automation,


something that is really pushing the systems that are communicating directly with the robot. Tis is the way that 3D is moving. Tis mainly applies to automotive and suppliers to automotive, but in general, [for]every assembly process or logistics, there are not enough people.’


Room for improvement Likewise, Boridy thinks that there is still room for development: ‘3D is going to have more coverage in the future because the technology is growing and getting better and better. More applications will start to use 3D on a lot of applications and complement on others. AI will be part of this future, so will control 3D to do things that were impossible a couple of years ago. Te embedded systems are getting better and faster, as well as smaller, lower cost, so all these technologies will enable companies to buy pretty sophisticated 3D systems for a reasonable cost. Something that was difficult to have a couple of years ago. ‘Not only the cost, but the performance


was not as good as today. We are gaining in both directions. For example, if you wanted to verify car parts like doors or welding, 10 years ago, 2D was the only tool that gave the dimensions of the whole, the placement of the whole and the type of welding etc. Today, with 3D, because we can go through all the metric measurements like X, Y, Z rotation, 2D can be completely forgotten. I’m not saying that 2D is going to disappear as a repertoire, what I’m saying is that 3D is going to increase dramatically in the future.’ ‘Tere are a lot of electronic trends,’ said


Kieneke. ‘Te processors get more powerful with less heat dissipation and less power consumption, because 3D imaging means you need computational power. ‘If you want to put this in a small form factor


it gets very hot, so with new architectures and processors, they have less power consumption but are less powerful compared with smartphone processors. Tis is a trend for


There is a new trend for PCB inspection using 3D


embedded vision. Tey use Arm processors, which have very good power consumption, so there will be a lot more companies entering the market. ‘What’s also very interesting is that really


big global companies, like Intel, are interested in the imaging vision market. In the past it was only the consumer market but now they are really entering. 3D imaging was also expensive, the cameras were expensive. Now,


To bring Industry 4.0 to life


you need a 3D camera to help robots to see the objects they have to pick. This is where I see the biggest markets


big companies offer good price performance ratios, and a real-sense camera is less than $200. ‘But it is also more new opportunities


for new markets where the price and cost are very sensitive. And then it was mostly a compromise of quality and cost. Canon also has an imaging and machine vision solution. Normally 3D is still niche, but companies like Canon and Intel are entering the market and there are a lot of Asian companies entering the market for 3D imaging. It shows there is the need and definitely a trend.’


52 Imaging and Machine Vision Europe • October/November 2018


The end of 2D? Henzler reasons that 2D will not disappear altogether. ‘I don’t think that this will happen,’ he said. ‘A 2D system is much easier to set up, and customers do not expect a 2D system to be metrically calibrated so if you talk about 3D, the initial assumption of the customer is that they get metrically calibrated data. It might not be necessary and you could make use of a 3D system, even if it is not calibrated. ‘Plenty of applications can be solved with


2D imaging. It is not a case that one replaces the other, it is something complementary. Some applications can be solved with 2D, or some are more difficult and can be solved with 3D. Tis is what I see. I don’t know what the future will bring, but I would be astonished if in 10 years’ time there is not a 2D system any longer on the market.’ When it comes to 3D, for Boridy, the race


has already begun. ‘Now it is a question of who can develop the most and best products in a timely manner,’ he explained. ‘Time to market is something to consider and cost is always important – these are the two drivers. ‘Because the technology is available to


everybody now, a lot of companies can do quality work and quality machines, but some companies will succeed better than others because they will be faster for the time to market and the cost will be lower. Te customer will surely benefit and humanity in general will benefit.’ O


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