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has shown that increasing the cutting height can improve the nutritive value. Silage clamps are generally full after bumper grass silage yields so raising the stubble height could be a good option this year to improve silage quality. However, where bulk is required, crops could be cut as low as 15cm as long as there is no risk of soil contamination. Cutting lower than 15cm not only reduces the quality of the crop but also increased the risk of contamination, therefore compromising fermentation quality.


Chop length affects both clamp consolidation and rumen function. A shorter chop length will aid dense packing in the clamp but may be detrimental to rumen function so a balance must be met. Where maize forms 50% or less of the forage, the chop length could be as low as 10mm. If maize is the predominant forage or there are concerns over rumen function (high concentrate feed rate, acidosis or SARA and low milk butterfat), lengthening the chop to 20mm can improve fibre characteristics. Longer chop lengths should be avoided if the crop is too dry (over 35% DM) as achieving good consolidation becomes increasingly difficult.


Grain processing – it is vital that all grain is processed. To allow full utilisation by the cow 90% of the kernels need to be broken into at


least four pieces. The more mature the grain at harvest, the greater the processing needs to be. Increased processing increases the surface area, allowing for better starch digestion.


Planting a cover crop after maize harvest is an established and


recommended practice to avoid bare soils over winter on all fields coming out of maize. Planting cover crops is particularly important on high-risk land (compacted bare stubbles, sloping fields, fields next to water courses and gateways leading to public roads). Cover crops offer environmental and financial benefits by retaining soil and nutrients whilst building soil organic matter. The risk of soil erosion and water course pollution is significantly reduced where cover crops are planted. For cover crops to be most effective, we recommend that


producers establish them as soon as possible following harvest and retain them for as long as possible (1st February if going into spring cereals, or after 1st March if going into maize). Grass can grow well after maize, so sowing Italian or Perennial Ryegrass can offer a potential graze or cut of silage in April before returning to maize. Brassicas or multi species mixes are an option but need to be in the ground during early to mid-October to maximise potential. As a cover crop, cereals can be sown at reduced rates, potentially with a legume such as vetch to increase the cover and fix nitrogen.


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To find out more about our unique Tastetite and other feed enhancement technologies, visit our website at www.inroadsintl.com, email info@inroadsintl.co.uk or call us on +44 (0)1939 236 555.


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FEED COMPOUNDER SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2021 PAGE 23


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