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proportion of cover for space heating and DHW heating increasing the profitability of the system. A hybrid heating system cannot only be cost- effectively controlled, it can also be optimised for CO2 emissions by selecting the optimal (ecological) heat generator whenever possible via an energy management system that incorporates smart metering.
Should the building envelope subsequently be renovated, the required heating load decreases and the existing gas boiler can take on less of the annual heating work or eventually could be put out of operation.
That said, at the time of writing the spark spread - the difference between the wholesale market price of electricity and its cost of
production using natural gas - is calculated to be 5.7. For a heat pump to break even against a typical 90% efficient gas boiler, the heat pump must demonstrate a COP of 5.15. Currently, we see high performing commercial heat pumps exhibiting a COP that ranges from 2.9 to a very high 4.7 due to variance in seasonal external temperature and heating flow temperature, meaning there will be times when reverting to gas technology is more advantageous in terms of reducing running costs. There will, of course, also be projects where renewables are closed out due to limitations of either the site or the technology. This is particularly relevant to large buildings where a heat pump alone is simply not suitable. These projects need an additional, high-grade source
of heat. Now, that essentially takes you to gas, but if the building is big enough, after the heat pump, but before the gas, can sit m-CHP to provide low NOx and very low running costs.
We can also make a case for using CHP in existing buildings which already have gas boilers and do not have the electrical supply needed to utilise a heat pump. Again, it does not make sense to fit just a heat pump, but we do not want to use CHP to offset low- temperature heat pumps, it has to sit after a heat pump, offsetting the gas heater. Such an approach will still offer some carbon savings, cost savings and, if that CHP is a low NOx appliance when compared to the boiler, then we also have NOx savings.
The move towards all-electric in smaller buildings also reopens the door for solar thermal with better payback case and better carbon savings. Used in
Commercial heating Adveco’s TOTEM m-CHP installation
Hybrid systems o ffer a fast and cost-effective means to address aging and
environmentally unfriendly heating systems to provide one mor e w a y to tackle climate change
conjunction with low-temperature ASHPs in an arrangement to ensure that it offsets the high-grade source, it offers an alternate hybrid approach that does not require CHP
HP.
We believe gas fired boilers and m-CHP will continue to play a necessary role as part of many hybrid systems, supporting solar thermal and ASHPs to achieve effective water temperatures for commercial heating applications whilst balancing running costs and savings.
Hybrid systems offer a fast and cost-effective means to address aging and environmentally unfriendly heating systems, improving operations, delivering on corporate social responsibility and, by addressing the future of the grid through export and load balancing, provide one more way to tackle climate change.
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