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Fujitsu focus on low GWP refrigerant options for applied range
Modern chillers remain a viable alternative to VRF systems for the commercial sector, due to the option of using low global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants
W Efficiency
The efficiency when using R452B is 1% better than R410A, with a 2% decrease in cooling capacity. R454B‘s cooling capacity is 4% less than R410A, but maintains the same efficiency. Its GWP is 467, compared to the 2044 of R410A and 677 of R32. The screw and Turbocor-based products offer similar alternative options, using R513A instead of R134A and the HFO R1234ze, with an ultra- low GWP of less than 1. Being non-toxic and classified A2L, this refrigerant is also seen as an alternative to ammonia and propane.
hile R32 is a widely-used alternative for direct expansion and hydronic applications in comfort applications, Fujitsu’s applied range instead
focuses on lower GWP refrigerants with a closer operating envelope to R410A. Because of the nature of the fluids, the same refrigerant oil can be used and therefore a multi refrigerant compressor can be applied, rather than stocking a dedicated compressor to each type of refrigerant.
Fujitsu offers liquid chillers, heat pumps and 4-pipe units with scroll compressors, in cooling capacities between 50 kW-1.2 MW, operating on R452B or R454B refrigerants in addition to R410A. Scroll and Turbocor compressor options are also available from 200 kW to 3.8MW, using R513A or the ultra-low GWP R1234ze as alternatives to R134A.
The inclusion of aluminium microchannel heat exchangers have also reduced relative refrigerant charge quantity by up to 25% compared to traditional copper and aluminium coils. With increased thermal performance and a reduction in air pressure drop, this leads to environmental and efficiency benefits whilst furthering design benefits for free cooling processes, especially in data centres.
Multi-functional Energy Power 4-pipe heat pump chillers available on R410A, R452B, R454B,R134a and R513A
With a range of 49 kW-1.1 MW; 4 pipe, heat pump, air cooled chillers allow dynamic design potential for providing both cooling and heating operations simultaneously to satisfy the various demands of modern buildings. A chiller operating in a single mode moves energy from one area and expels in another, chilled water being a product of the evaporator in cooling
and hot water via the condenser in heating. Generally, this energy would not be reusable and in lost to the ambient air.
When operating simultaneously, hot water can be generated by utilising the heat rejected from the condenser via a plate heat exchanger instead of a fan, and chilled water provided from the energy absorbed by the evaporator at the same time. Energy is transferred between the two heat exchangers, maintaining the refrigeration cycle’s operating pressures. This method not only provides the ability to serve mixed applications, but it also improves system efficiency.
Simultaneous operation A four-pipe heat pump chiller with potable hot water production
Simultaneous mode operation can create a system Total Efficiency Ratio (TER) of 8.8, that being 8.8 kW of useful energy given out in terms of both heating and cooling in ratio to every 1 kW of electrical energy consumed. These high efficiencies are not solely realised from the concept of 4-pipe simultaneous systems, but also from the development of load control through scroll and screw compressor innovation, inverter application, along with free cooling processes, EC inverter plugin fans and more complex control algorithms. By using a third heat exchanger with simultaneous operation, either within the chiller or placed within a thermal store, energy to produce domestic hot water up to 60°C ,can also be utilised from recovered energy. This adds an efficient bivalent source to a traditional boiler or can remove the need for a boiler altogether. The commercial use of air to water heat pumps has been extended by recent developments to achieve 80°C directly from water cooled chillers. This improvement extends design possibilities to provide potable hot water without the need for pasteurisation cycles or further energy boosts, and offers energy efficient means to pre heat water used for industrial sanitisation purposes. For more information, visit
https://www.fujitsu-
general.com/uk/ or email
Sales.Applied@fgac.
fujitsu-general.com
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www.bsee.co.uk BUILDING SERVICES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEER OCTOBER 2022 19
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