• • • TEST & MEASUREMENT • • •
5G Enabled Automated Valet Parking I
Autonomous vehicles have inbuild systems that facilitate local sensing and decision making, using data sensed about nearby objects. This is limited by sensor range, obstacles, poor weather or unknown intentions of other drivers
ntegrating Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything or 5G enables the offloading of sensing, processing and decision making to external systems, that can offer higher capability and capacity. This brings new possibilities for autonomous driving use case deployment, by sidestepping the limitations of local sensing and computing.
V2X Use cases
The 5G and V2X use cases are varied1 and for their successful deployment, many technical, economical, psychological, and regulatory hurdles need to be overcome. In this regard, some use cases, like local hazard information and sharing, teleoperated driving or AVP may have a lower barrier to deployment.
Automated Valet Parking Type 2 Automated Valet Parking (AVP) is a use case, where the vehicle is parked automatically, so the user does not have to perform this tedious activity. AVP will be deployed in an controlled environment of parking facilities, where many risk factor associated with driving of autonomous vehicles are not present.
There are two types of AVP that differ in where the intelligence and sensor are placed2. With AVP type 1, the intelligence and sensors are installed in the vehicle. The vehicle is parking itself, using its own sensors and decision-making capability. The disadvantage of this approach is the variability in autonomous vehicles capabilities and the potential complexity stemming from that. It however does not
require specialised parking facilities or communication infrastructure. AVP type 2 is different in that the vehicles do not need to be autonomous, as the parking facility is the smart component. The vehicles only need to be able to be remotely driven and be able to communicate over 5G, which is crucial component of an AVP type 2 setup and needs to function reliably. For the rest of this article, AVP will refer to
AVP type 2.
AVP type 2 advantages • The technical complexity is at the side of the AVP service provider, so it is easier and cheaper to deploy and maintain. Powerful sensors can be easily and economically installed, with a local
30 ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING • JULY/AUGUST 2023
electricalengineeringmagazine.co.uk
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