WTC 2024 | TUNNELLING IN CHINA
● Railway tunnels: 17,837 tunnels, totalling 21,978km. ● Highway tunnels: 24,850 tunnels, covering 26,784km. ● Metro projects: 55 cities contributing to a total rail transit length of 10,291km, of which 8,006km (77.8%) are underground.
This indicates that China has multiplied its traffic tunnels construction by 22 times compared to the figures from 1990 (see Table 1). It is worth noting that not only has the total length
of traffic tunnels increased significantly, but also there has been a rapid growth in the construction of large tunnels, including extensive railway and highway projects. Currently, there are around 12 long railway tunnels
in operation, each longer than 20km (see Table 2), with an additional 26 tunnels of similar length under
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Shenzhen Zhengzhou Qingdao Chengdu Guangzhou Beijing Ningbo Nanjing
Chongqing Tianjin
Hangzhou Foshan Hefei Xiamen Wuhan Fuzhou
Shenyang Suzhou Xi’an Jinan
Shanghai Guiyang
Shijiazhuang Changchun Wuxi
Changsha Nanning Dongguan Wenzhou Nantong Xuzhou
Kunming Dalian
Shaoxing Luoyang
Dehongzhou Haerbin Nanchang Taiyuan Huangshi Qiannanzhou Tianshui Baoshan Lijiang Urumqi Zhangye Delingha Jiaxing
Honghezhou Lanzhou
Wenshanzhou Total length of rail transit lines under construction Length of rail metrolines under construction
Above, figure 1: Urban rail transit lines under construction by cities in mainland China in 20223 SOURCE: CHINA ASSOCIATION OF METROS
20 | December 2023 50 100 150
construction. The longest railway tunnel in operation is the 32km-long New Guanjiao railway tunnel, constructed at a high sea level. One of the large tunnel projects under construction is the 34km-long Gaoligongshan railway tunnel, employing both drill and blast (D&B) and tunnel boring machine (TBM) excavation methods, and passing through complex geological conditions. As for road tunnels, approximately 18 tunnels, each
exceeding 10km in length (see Table 3), have been successfully completed. The longest highway tunnel in operation is the 18km-long Qinling Zhongnanshan Highway Tunnel, constructed in challenging hard rock conditions and completed in 2007. At present, the longest highway tunnel under construction is the 22km- long Tianshan Shengli tunnel, expected to be completed in 2025.
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