Galapágos Islands, Ecuador Formed millions of years ago by underwater volcanoes, this archipelago was brough to the world’s attention thanks to Charles Darwin, who visited in 1835 on HMS Beagle. This was the starting point from which Darwin developed his theory of evolution, whereby he posited that the islands’ geographical isolation prompted the emergence of distinct species. Crystal-clear waters contrast with the jagged volcanic rock, which stands out against the clouds. Visitors in search of interesting wildlife will be rewarded — the islands are home to Galápagos giant tortoises, marine iguanas, sea lions, golden rays and Galápagos sharks. Birdwatchers are also in for a treat — waved albatrosses, magnificent frigatebirds, flightless cormorants and Galápagos shearwaters often make an appearance. There are no international direct flights to the islands, so travelers must first reach mainland Ecuador and catch a connecting flight to Seymour Airport on Baltra
Island or San Cristobal airport. Alternatively, visitors can go on a cruise and island-hop — some may stop over for day trips at islands like Santa Cruz, which is the main tourism hub for the Galápagos and offers plenty of stunning beaches and swimming spots.
Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia Located amid the Andes, the Salar de Uyuni covers more than 4,000sq miles of the Altiplano plateau, 12,000ft above sea level. It’s the world’s largest salt flat, left behind by prehistoric lakes that evaporated over the course of millennia. Depending on the weather and time of year, water can sometimes accumulate on the salt beds, acting as a vast mirror against the sky. Uyuni is home to a perhaps surprising array of wildlife — travelers can hope to spot rabbit-like vizcacha, culpeo (Andean foxes), vicuñas, Andean mountain cats and numerous bird species, including flamingos, geese and hillstars.
Below: Galápagos sea lion on the beach at Española island