Lubricity Additives for Metalworking Fluids PerfadTM
8400 and PerfadTM
In the last nine months Croda Lubricants has introduced two new lubricity additives designed for use in neat metalworking fluids (Perfad 8400) and in synthetic metalworking fluids (Perfad 3950).
Both of the new lubricity additives bring a level of lubrication performance that was not previously achievable with conven- tional base fluids or organic lubricity additives.
Perfad 8400 for Neat / Straight Oil Metalworking Fluids This is a unique polymeric compound that has outstanding lubrication properties. It has an inherent ability to form thick stable films, even under demanding boundary lubrication conditions that are apparent in metal cutting and metal deformation applications.
Perfad 8400’s film forming properties provide three benefits: 1. A dramatic reduction in friction between opposing metal surfaces
2. A significant reduction in torque when machining aluminium and steel alloys
3. Reduced wear
Figure 1 shows a Stribeck curve which has been generated using a Mini-Traction Machine. The test was conducted at 150°C, using a steel ball – steel disc contact, with an applied load of 36N, equivalent to 1 GPa contact load. A slide – roll ratio of 50% was used.
At 150°C a conventional TMPTO ester provides some degree of film formation, which results in a slight reduction in friction in the boundary regime and a greater reduction in the mixed lubrication regime when compared to a base mineral oil.
Perfad 8400, however, shows an unrivalled ability to reduce the coefficient of friction in both the boundary and mixed lubrication regimes, giving a friction coefficient of approximately 0.01 across the entrainment speed range of 0.01 – 2 m/s.
Figure 2. Form Tapping using Perfad 8400
Reichert tests were conducted to demonstrate the wear reducing potential of Perfad 8400 (figure 3).
In a mineral oil formulation, 8% Perfad 8400 reduced the wear scar by 47% (21mm2
and by 43% compared to mineral oil + 10% TMPTO (36mm2 are achievable.
When used as an additive in ester based formulations wear scars as low as 15mm2
) compared to the base mineral oil (40mm2 ).
) 3950
In form tapping a 6mm hole in Al 6061 and St 1018, it has been demonstrated that Perfad 8400 provides a significant reduction in torque when compared to two references; mineral oil + 10% TMPTO and 100% synthetic oleochemical ester.
In figure 2 the torque values recorded using a Micro-tapping machine have been converted to % cutting efficiency; the greater the reduction in torque the greater the cutting efficiency. Typically, an improvement of 5% is seen as significant in a form tapping test.
Perfad 8400 can improve cutting efficiency by up to 30%, in mineral oil and ester based formulations.
Figure 1. MTM test at 150°C using Perfad 8400
Figure 3. Reichert wear results using Perfad 8400 Continued on page 30
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LUBE MAGAZINE No.111 OCTOBER 2012
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