HOSPITAL LIGHTING
city of Rio de Janeiro. Overall, all façades allowed for natural light to enter the interior when the kinetic elements were fully open; however, not all allowed for views of the exterior space. The Kiefer Technic Showroom3 SDU Kolding Campus5
and models presented
the most balanced performance, combining the provision of natural light, shading control, and the preservation of external views. In the case of Kiefer Technic,3
the autonomy of the kinetic
elements and the possibility of hybrid control (manual, autonomous, and responsive) configured an effective solution for the hospital environment. The SDU Kolding5
stood out for its
simplicity of operation and the use of accessible materials, although with greater construction complexity compared to the first. The Al Bahar Towers4
façade also
showed good performance, allowing external visibility and efficient shading, but with a higher level of kinematic system complexity. The Embassy of the Nordic Countries2
achieved satisfactory
results in blocking direct solar radiation over the hospital bed, but the loss of external visibility when closed limits its application in inpatient rooms. The Arab World Institute,1
demonstrated limitations due to the difficulty of maintenance and the compromise of the external view when closed. The Fosun Foundation façade6
façades with a greater number of fragmented and kinetically independent elements allow for greater control of light and shadow, which is significantly relevant for the treatment of patients in recovery and long-term care. Among the examples analysed, the Kiefer Technic Showroom3 Kolding Campus5
and the SDU stand out, as they most
consistently met the parameters defined for hospital environments: low fragmentation, less complex systems, replaceable materials, and autonomy of kinetic elements. These models demonstrated practical applicability in Healthcare Facilities (EAS), combining energy efficiency, shading control, and visual integration with the external environment. However, models such as the Arab and the Fosun
World Institute1 Foundation6
showed significant despite being innovative, is the
only one that does not allow localised shading for the hospital bed. Since its system consists of tubes that slide in opposite directions, the incidence of natural light and the degree of external visibility vary according to their displacement, which prevents precise shading control. The three-dimensional changes in form,
materiality, and the independence of the kinetic elements directly impacted the shading of the study object.
Conclusion Increasing the availability of natural light in hospital patient rooms improves the effectiveness of healthcare delivery and enables patient recovery faster. Therefore, kinetic façades with responsive technology can improve lighting comfort in hospital buildings, contributing to the therapeutic process. The case study found that in most of the models studied, kinetic façades with responsive technology could be applied in inpatient wards, enhancing the natural light in rooms and allowing visibility to the outside. However, the geometric shapes of these façades can interfere with shadow placement and light intensity, and exterior visibility can be compromised due to the kinematics and materials used. It was also possible to observe that
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limitations, either due to maintenance complexity or the lack of localised lighting control, highlighting the need for specific adaptations to the hospital context. Overall, it is concluded that the adoption of kinetic façades in healthcare environments must consider not only aesthetic and technological aspects, but also functional and operational criteria, in order to ensure adequate conditions of natural lighting, visual comfort, and simplified maintenance. Future research should deepen the analysis of illuminance, luminance, and solar radiation using parametric methods, in order to consolidate design guidelines applicable to the reality of Brazilian hospitals.
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