ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN Alex Warren


Alex Warren is an associate director at The Manser Practice, an award-winning architectural practice specialising in healthcare design. The practice has an in-house interior design team to ensure that architecture and interiors are designed hand in hand, and its experience of working in the transport sector – where clear signage is crucial for passenger wayfinding – has meant that adapting these lessons learnt to the healthcare sector has been ‘relatively seamless’.


but something in between. Subtle colour changes in the flooring were also used to help identify waiting areas and spaces around a reception desk, and the finishes were complemented by natural materials such as ash hardwood and matching laminates. Material choices, such as the use of soft, non-reflective surfaces or calming textures, can enhance the comfort and safety of the space. For example, waiting areas with comfortable seating can reduce stress for family members waiting for a patient’s treatment. This can be combined with acoustic control, as high noise levels in a healthcare setting can be distressing for patients, and disruptive to the healing process. Noise can increase stress, disturb sleep, and hinder communication. Effective interior design addresses these concerns by using sound-absorbing materials – such as acoustic ceiling tiles, carpets, and padded furniture – to reduce noise pollution and create a peaceful environment. Quiet areas for reflection and relaxation should also be incorporated to provide moments of respite for patients and staff. Healthcare environments must prioritise patient and staff


safety too. Good interior design incorporates features such as non-slip flooring, rounded corners on furniture, and the use of visual contrast to help those with impaired vision navigate spaces effectively. These design choices can reduce the risk of accidents and fall-related injuries, and ensure that the environment is suitable for patients of all abilities.


Signage’s key role Effective signage is an essential component of healthcare design, guiding people through the often large and complex layouts of hospitals and clinics. Clear, concise, and well-placed signage improves the patient experience, ensures timely care, and increases the operational efficiency of healthcare facilities. Patients, visitors, and even staff members, often need guidance to find specific departments, examination rooms, or services. Inadequate or unclear signage can lead to frustration, delays, and anxiety, especially for those who may already be stressed about their health concerns. Effective wayfinding signage needs to be considered by the design team, and not left to clinicians or administration staff who, after spending time redirecting patients, often resort to a piecemeal approach of posters and laminated notices. Healthcare facilities are visited by people of all ages,


backgrounds, and physical abilities. Signage needs to be designed to ensure accessibility for everyone, including those with visual impairments, hearing loss, or limited mobility. It should be simple and straightforward, using clear language and intuitive symbols to guide people, including for those with limited literacy skills, or those


Architecture


Space, Adjacencies, Natural Light


Interior Design Colour, Comfort, Character


Signage


Wayfinding, Efficiency, Reassurance


Figure 1: The integration of architecture, interiors, and signage, in healthcare facility design.


unfamiliar with medical terminology. For example, using symbols for toilets or baby-changing in addition to text can help non-native speakers, or people with limited literacy skills, to navigate.


Issues for some with complex signs Some patients, particularly those with dementia or other cognitive impairments, may have difficulty understanding complex signs. Clear and simple signs, along with visual cues and colour contrasts, can make a significant difference in helping these individuals navigate the healthcare environment more effectively. In addition, to ensure that individuals with visual impairments can navigate healthcare facilities safely, signage should include Braille and tactile features such as raised letters or symbols. Tactile signage should be located at accessible heights to allow easy access for people using wheelchairs. Signage needs to be strategically placed where people are most likely to need it. High-traffic areas such as lobbies, waiting areas, and lifts, should have prominent, easy-to- read signs. Important destinations, such as emergency areas, should be signposted well in advance to give people time to adjust their route. Clear directional signage at crossroads in layouts can guide visitors and staff through the building, minimising their chances of becoming lost. Consistent signage throughout the facility makes it easier for people to follow directions. It helps patients and visitors recognise familiar patterns, reducing cognitive load, and making it easier to orient themselves within the space. Consistent use of colour schemes, fonts, and symbols, also ensures that people can quickly identify key areas such as the reception, toilets, or waiting areas, and helps to create a clear identity for each facility that patients can easily recognise and feel comfortable in.


Conclusion


An axonometric diagram showing the general layout, colours, and materials, for the Wembley Park Medical Centre.


82 Health Estate Journal May 2025


Good interior design and effective signage are not just luxury additions to healthcare environments, nor should they be the first thing mentioned in value-engineering exercises – they are critical components that support patient wellbeing and staff productivity. Thoughtful interior design contributes to a healing environment by improving patient comfort, reducing stress, and supporting recovery. Clear and accessible signage ensures that patients and visitors can easily navigate complex spaces, making their experience efficient and less stressful. By integrating these elements with care and attention to detail, healthcare facilities can create spaces that are not only functional, but are also welcoming, comforting, and supportive of the health and wellbeing of everyone who uses them.


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