Air Conditioning for School Buses (Type A, C & D)
MFSAB & Activity Buses •
Specify Trans/Air A/C systems installed in your buses on your next purchase.
•
A/C system installations available on buses ordered without A/C in your fleet.
• •
Purchase A/C parts on-line for easy ordering
busacparts.com
Parts and components available for some hard-to-get competitors – call for details.
that had been announced or installed by September 2023 would meet demand through the early 2040’s, and recycling capacity is expected to grow. “Battery recycling has the potential to be a significant
secondary source of supply of critical minerals that is more sustainable and less geographically concentrated,” noted a battery outlook report from the International Energy Agency (IEA). “Targeted policies such as min- imum recycled content requirements and tradeable recycling credits can foster its growth in the short term, especially if international standards can be established.” The IEA predicted that innovation in battery chem- istry and manufacturing will reduce global lithium-ion battery costs by 40 percent by 2030, and noted that battery costs have already fallen 90 percent since 2010, thanks to chemistry and manufacturing improvements.
Second-Life Services As more batteries reach their end of life, there’s a
need for providers to help districts and transportation services manage them. “In the next two to three years, we expect a flood
of batteries to be ready for a second-life, and we are prepared to put them to good use,” said Maggie Clancy, executive vice president of EV sales and marketing for battery storage company Zenobē. In the U.S. and Europe, Zenobē offers battery leas-
ing for electric bus fleet owners, and monitors the health and degradation of those batteries, replacing them at the end of warranties and providing options to reuse the batteries, including “as static power in bus depots to augment the grid capacity on-site without needing to increase the connection size, as portable power options for temporary charging at festivals like Glastonbury and in motorway forecourts,” explained Clancy. “We’ve also used them to support events like Massive Attack [concerts] and film sets.” Clancy noted that OEMs are reluctant to warranty
second-life batteries. “This is mostly due to lack of battery degradation data
beyond the first life. Zenobē however is in the battery business and has invested years studying degradation and developing technology to keep batteries healthy, beyond first-life warranties, and will take on the risk on behalf of customer.” Clancy said that adapting international certifications
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for battery safety would help in deploying second-life batteries. Transparency around a battery’s design and history is also necessary. “The first life utilization of the battery and how the
modules and cells have degraded is crucial,”Clancy said. “Having access to this information is key.” ●
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