60 HERITAGE & HISTORIC (INCLUDING ADAPTIVE RE-USE) SUPPLEMENT
this has not been pursued with any seriousness before.
Each heritage roof is individual, or has components that are. They tend to be covered with local material because vernacular roofing was often carried out with local fissile stones, particularly slate as it was the most naturally available and relatively easily worked or produced. The type and method of covering roofs from pre-Roman occupation to 1919 changed significantly due to available materials, transportation, mechanisation, tools and experience. Heritage roofers have relied on learning processes and details that have been passed on, as they will be able to do through the new Code of Practice. In addition, sourcing the replacement new material can be a big issue, particularly in the case of stone roofs that were often produced from local quarries that are no longer operational. However, good-quality second-hand material from the local area may well be an alternative that is viable, and heritage guidelines from some local authorities and national parks, for example, can help clarify traditional local roof details.
The most common type of heritage roof
we get called in to advise on tends to be large-format slates with random widths and diminishing lengths. These types of roofs are often known as Rag Slate, London Rag or Queen Rag and the largest slates will often be 40 inches long. These can still be produced, but the material needed for such large slates is not always as readily available due to the limitations of a naturally formed rock. In cases like these, as much warning as possible is always helpful to a manufacturer.
When it does come to replacing a heritage roof, steps should always be taken to carefully record the way it has been set out. Photographs taken perpendicular to the slates with a scale are useful for checking details later. Details such as valleys, hips and abutments are important because often these will have been slated to work with particular sizes of slates. Until Historic England’s Code of Practice is published, specifiers and clients can turn to the most comprehensive recent book – the English Heritage Practical Building Conservation volume, Roofing (2013).
Michael Hallé is commercial director for Welsh Slate
Holdsworth Windows is a family run business specialising in the manufacture of bespoke steel windows, doors and screens. Established for over 50 years we have designed, fabricated and installed windows, doors and screens for a wide range of contemporary, listed and historic buildings.
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