Feature 2 |GERMANY
Auxiliary energy Using environmentally-friendly fuels and alternative, renewable energy sources will largely improve the environmental footprint of shipping operations. The TARGETS project consequently investigates the potential of such alternative energy sources and the integration of energy storage in the entire energy household onboard ships. Fuel cells offer a large potential for change
of existing energy supply structures. Tanks to extensive research programmes rapid technological developments have taken place so that these technologies become more and more attractive also for the maritime industry today. TARGETS looks specifically into new technical solutions, exploring the opportunities for an increased use of environmentally- friendly fuels (dual or multiple) and alternative energy sources – photovoltaic installations and wind energy – for auxiliary uses. Tis leads to a comprehensive presentation
of available technologies for energy storage, applicable to cargo ships covering four categories: mechanical, electro-chemical, thermal storage and fuel cell technology. Available technologies and concepts are
Figure 3.1: Photovoltaic installations on ships
validated considering their interaction at ship-system level. Tis assessment comprises the use of alternative energy sources as well as an overall energy management, and ranks the technologies in terms of their potential for energy savings when applied over long periods of operation. Two dedicated application cases are
presently developed: firstly, a model of an auxiliary fuel cell supply system for a ro-ro-carrier and secondly a system for a container vessel. In the first case, the main focus will be the usage of fuels with a flash point lower than 60°C (for example LNG/
LPG) in combination with the main engines as well as a primary energy source for the fuel cell system. Te container vessel case will focus on the simulation of waste heat powered by onboard hydrogen generation in order to allow a semi-emission free harbour mode. Te main topics that will be addressed cover:
• Establishment of the Fuel Cell concept for maritime applications by model
based design
• Development of a robust, generic and profitable basic system for using fuel cells
as a reliable alternative source of energy
• Simulation of the integrated model. Wind is another source of natural
energy freely available at sea. Te potential of wind energy to be used for
ship
propulsion is substantial, and forms an attractive alternative for certain services and operational conditions. TARGETS has investigated a range of possible modern “wind propulsion” options covering kites, Flettner rotors or modern rig types, either fixed wing options such as the Dyna rig or more conventional designs such as
Figure 7. Dyna Rig (wind tunnel model) and Power generated as a function of wind speed and angle
Figure 8. Flettner Rotor (CFD simulation) and Power generated as a function of wind speed and angle
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The Naval Architect September 2012
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