CHILLERS
and thus have restricted charge sizes when used in heat exchangers that are in direct contact with an occupied space air. So, if an HC such as Propane/R290 is to be used to comfort cool a large building the large outdoor central chilled water system is a popular choice. An improvement in the following technology has now made chilled water systems more effi cient: ■intelligent multi parameter controls ■variable speed motors that drive fans ■pumps and compressors ■ specifi c chilled water system components and designs for HC refrigerants. We are already seeing this in the Heat pump sector with many monobloc heat pumps for domestic heating using R290 as it can deliver the high-water temperatures that are required for microbial suppression for washing and bathing.
The many applications of chilled water systems You think of the cooling application, a chilled water system can
How are they evolving
The F-gas regulations in Europe have
lowered the amount of high global warming potential (GWP)
refrigerants allowed to be sold, and so other alternative refrigerants have been sought.
The chilled water industry has waxed and waned in popularity over the last 50 years. This has been due to the refrigerants that we are now using and energy effi ciency. Large central refrigeration system in a plant room cooling a chilled water loop was a common way to method in large buildings requiring comfort cooling in the 1970’s. This continued to be the adopted method until more effi cient VRV/VRF split systems using R22 then R407C and fi nally R410A were introduced in the 1980’s up to the 2010’s. The F-gas regulations in Europe have lowered the amount of high global warming potential (GWP) refrigerants allowed to be sold, and so other alternative refrigerants have been sought. The most obvious replacement for Fluorinated (HFC) refrigerants is Hydrocarbons (HC). These are fl ammable
be used! But any refrigeration, air conditioning or heat pump application that requires an amount of refrigerant that is unsafe for an occupied space is certainly a great candidate for a chilled water system. Cooling/freezing for food applications, when practical water can be in direct contact with the food stuff . Other applications are: ■Heat recovery. ■Process cooling. ■Chilled drinking water systems. ■Air conditioning. ■Freezer rooms. ■Water treatment plants and chemical plants. ■Breweries. ■Laboratories and pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities. ■Dairy storage warehouses. ■Misting equipment. ■Water treatment plants. ■Battery packs for electric vehicles. ■Cooling components in commercial buildings and homes. ■Frozen food storage. ■Computer room air conditioning (CRAC). ■Food processing plants. ■Power generation plants.
20 August 2024 •
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