leadership can all be motivational when aptly practiced by conductors. Therefore, a first step in this approach is for conductors to identify their strongest qualities of leadership, consistently reflect upon these qualities, and develop appro- priate leadership styles that will work best in a given situa- tion with the musicians involved.
Vincent Rubino, Rohan Patel, Patricia Knockenhauer,
Myung Ae Nordin, Wendy Mathews, Carolyn Dayton (Wayne State University), Intergenerational Patterns of Music in Families: Data from a Sample of Detroit Parents Expecting a Baby
Music is interwoven with history and everyday life in urban areas such as Detroit. Music connects people to each other and exposure to music is related to positive health and heal- ing. For example, music has been used therapeutically to improve quality of life in people experiencing psychosocial stress and mental illness. In addition, hearing a particular genre of music or song often has the power to evoke a strong emotional reaction that is sometimes associated with current or past life events.
When parents share music with their children, therefore, they are passing down a particular way of relating to each other and, potentially, to the world. One common use of music within the family system is as a means for infant care- taking. In parent-infant interactions, music may be used to soothe, educate, and entertain both parents and their chil- dren. In families, music reflects the values and culture of the community as well as the histories of each of the parents and elders in that family. Understanding the use of music within one of the most central family relationships – the parent- child relationship – is the focus of the current study.
Data for this study were drawn from the Baby-on-Board Early Parenting Study. Using a semi-structured series of questions, parents (n = 40 mothers and 40 fathers) were in- dividually invited to reflect on their memories of the use of music in their own childhoods, the use of music currently in their lives, and their plans for using music with their babies. The research team conducted and transcribed the interviews. Participant responses were analyzed by a process of identi- fying narrative themes using principles of grounded theory. Themes that emerged in the data included similarities in the use of music across generations. Specifically, in reflecting on the importance of music in their lives, parents described an intergenerational process by which music connected them to their own childhood histories and informed their plans for the use of music with their new babies. Results will be presented using representative pieces of narrative from the transcripts. Results inform theory about the use of music in families across the lifespan.
43
Ryan Ramsey (Central Michigan University), Aspects of Critical Thinking: Influence on Effective Instruction in Music Rehearsal
The purpose of this paper is to expose major trends in ex- isting literature on critical-thinking to inform music educa- tors of aspects of critical-thinking, which provide insights on how to more effectively incorporate critical-thinking into rehearsals. In the field of education, especially the 2014 na- tional education standards, there is an emphasis placed on higher-order thinking, or critical-thinking (CT). However, in relation to general education courses, music is behind on incorporating CT strategies into lessons. The present paper outlines trends, which provide insight to music educators as well as knowledge missing in current trends, which require future research.
Four apparent trends in the literature are that CT (a) is a multi-dimensional cognitive process, (b) is domain-specific, (c) is increased by metacognition, and (d) requires both in- struction and practice to be in place for it to increase. The first three trends make aspects CT clearer so that music edu- cators might more effectively incorporate them into teaching strategies. The latter trend provides music educators with understanding of the most effective CT instruction. By the weight of the evidence, incorporating CT instruction into music lessons provides the ensemble with well-rounded mu- sical qualities, while also providing students with thinking abilities for future success in their careers. Based on these four trends, there are gaps in the knowledge that imply ques- tions for future research: Can music be the medium for CT to cross domains? Does metacognition of CT in music stu- dents cause them to perform at a higher level? Do teacher and student reasons for being involved in music effect their CT ability in music?
Pamela L. Klena (Central Michigan University), Toward Resolving Gender Inequities in the Field of Wind Conducting: A Literature Review
The purpose of this literature review is to reveal and con- ceivably resolve disputes in the literature about gender in- equities in the field of conducting. Gender inequity in the field of professional conducting is a controversy debated in the literature for decades.
Unfortunately, the only people
attempting to draw attention to this issue are the minority of women in the field, which immediately suggests two key steps towards progress: a more inclusive set of voices in support of this issue, and a deviation from problem identifi- cation to problem resolution. Further discussed in the paper are two problems identified in the literature, visual and so- cial norms that hinder women from succeeding as profes- sional conductors.
Page 1 |
Page 2 |
Page 3 |
Page 4 |
Page 5 |
Page 6 |
Page 7 |
Page 8 |
Page 9 |
Page 10 |
Page 11 |
Page 12 |
Page 13 |
Page 14 |
Page 15 |
Page 16 |
Page 17 |
Page 18 |
Page 19 |
Page 20 |
Page 21 |
Page 22 |
Page 23 |
Page 24 |
Page 25 |
Page 26 |
Page 27 |
Page 28 |
Page 29 |
Page 30 |
Page 31 |
Page 32 |
Page 33 |
Page 34 |
Page 35 |
Page 36 |
Page 37 |
Page 38 |
Page 39 |
Page 40 |
Page 41 |
Page 42 |
Page 43 |
Page 44 |
Page 45 |
Page 46 |
Page 47 |
Page 48 |
Page 49 |
Page 50 |
Page 51 |
Page 52 |
Page 53 |
Page 54 |
Page 55 |
Page 56