1.Exposure to drugs, environmental chemi- cals, heavy metals, or pesticides, and having a genetic mutation in the gene that codes for detoxification.
2. Exposure to an infectious agent eliciting an immune response leading up to brain inflammation, autoimmune process and brain injury.
3. Dietary factors such as gluten (protein found in wheat, barley and rye) and casein (protein found in dairy) not being digested properly, acting as opiate neuropeptides in the brain.
4. Nutritional deficiency of Vitamin D or Zinc 5. GI inflammation caused by poor diet, food sensitivities/ intolerance, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, toxins, medications (Abx, PPIs, NSAIDs, etc.). 6. Dysbiosis.
Autism and Dysbiosis: Why the Microbiota is so Important The digestive system appears to be at the center of this multi-systemic disease, and so it would be prudent to discuss the microbiome and why it is so important in ASD. The human microbiome consists of mostly bacteria (about 400-500 species) and yeast. The microbiome lines the entire GI tract and is essential to our health. Some of the functions of the micro- biome are to decrease inflammation, support the immune system, produce certain vitamins and fatty acids, aid in digestion, and protect the GI lining. The microbiome can be altered/ disrupted by many factors including birth- ing method (C-section vs. vaginal delivery), breastfed vs. formula fed, poor diet, malab- sorption, frequent antibiotic use, GI inflamma- tion, abnormal immune function, or digestive enzyme deficiencies (disaccharidase, lactase). Once disrupted, it can lead to significant local and systemic inflammation, impaired enzyme activity, impaired nutrient synthesis and ab- sorption, impaired detoxification, and intes- tinal permeability. Interestingly, the resulting damages from disrupting the microbiome are all implicated in the multi-system pathogenesis of ASD.
Many diseases have been found to be associated with dysbiosis, including but not limited to Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, clostridium difficile colitis, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, non- alcoholic fatty liver disease, depression, and multiple sclerosis.
Evaluation
Getting a detailed history from ASD patients and/ or families can really help guide dietary recommendations, and guide selection
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