glossary F


Facade theexterior face of a building.


Fanlight window oftensemi-circular andoveradoor. Oftendecorated with radiatingglazing bars suggesting the shape of an opening fan.


Fleche slender spire of wood or lead on ridge of roof.


Flush work


decorative mixture of lint and dressed stone sometimesforming tracery.


Fluting vertical channelling in the shafts of a column.


Foliated leaf-shaped, of carvingusually round capitals.


Frieze middle division of aClassical entablature.


G


gable theend wall of a building, the top ofwhichconforms to the shape of the roof behind or acts as abrick screen. Theedges areoften dressed with stone coping.


gallery a passage linking twomajor wings of a house; it could also be used for thedisplay of family portraiture. Jacobean examples have intricatestrapwork andornamented ceilings.


garderobe lavatory or privy in amedieval building.


gargoyle projecting water spout often carved in theformof ahuman or animal face.


gazebo


summerhouse or belvedereina picturesquegarden. Common in the seventeenthand eighteenth centuries.


giantorder Classical ordered pilasters rising throughtwo or morestoreys.Usedby Talman,Hawksmoor, Gibbs, etc.


H


Hall the principal living roomof a medieval house. Also themain assembly roomof aschool, college, or a court of justice.


Herringbone work


brick, stoneortilelaid diagonally insteadof in horizontal courses. Where alternate courseslie in opposing directions they create a zigzag pattern.


Hexastyle a portico or centrepiecehaving six detached columns.


J


Jamb straight side of an archway, window and doorway.


Jetty theupper storeysofahouse restingonprojecting floor joists andso creating the effect of an overhang.The Shambles in York, andMercery Lane, Canterbury retain jettiedbuildings projecting over half thethoroughfare below.


K


Keystone middle stoneofanarchora rib vault.


L


lancet arch arch with acutely pointed head common in the EarlyGothicperiod fromabout 1175.


lantern a square or polygonal tower or structure inwhich all faces are pierced by largewindows.When over acrossingthe tower is open from below.


lintel horizontal beamor stone laid on twoverticalposts thus bridging an opening. Stonehenge showsitsmost simple form.


long andshort work Saxonmanner of wall cornering with stones placed with thelongsides alternativelyupright andhorizontal.


louvre Opening; often with lantern over roof ridge to let smokefrom central hearth escape.


lucarnesmall openinginspire or a roof; in the former to allowair to circulate round timbers.


M


Masonry thecraft of cutting, jointing and laying stone for building.


20 Flat Living GUIDETO HeritageFlats


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