Understanding the nature of specific learning disabilities will help you adapt your lessons and activities to your special learners’ needs.
LRE - Least Restrictive Environment Although there may be disagreement
as to how this can be interpreted, this part of IDEA protects the rights of children to be included in the regular education class- room with their peers. For some students, however, the least restrictive environment is a special education setting.
PDD - Pervasive
Developmental Disorder This term encompasses a group of dis-
orders characterized by delays primarily in social and communication skills, along with repetitive behaviors and an absence of imag- inative play. It has been used interchange- ably
with ASD, or Autism Spectrum
Disorder, and describes disorders through- out the spectrum, including Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Rett’s Syndrome, Asperger’s Syndrome, and Pervasive Devel- opmental Disorder Not Otherwise Speci- fied (PDD-NOS). Children with PDD will have uneven development of skills; they may be proficient in some skills while defi- cient in others. You’ll notice that these chil- dren might have difficulty with transitions and changes in routines, and may exhibit temper tantrums, aggression, or anxiety. Additionally, they may have sensory pro- cessing issues that cause them to be either hypersensitive or hyposensitive to auditory, visual, and tactile input. PDD-NOS refers to children who display some autistic char- acteristics, but whose behaviors are either too mild or don’t meet all the criteria for a specific disorder. No two children on the spectrum are exactly the same; you will see a various combinations of behaviors as well as a difference in the severity of behaviors. Your special learners have struggles that impact their musical behaviors in a variety of ways. Learning as much as you can about them will help you provide more successful opportunities for them – and that’s as easy as knowing your ABC’s! For more information, check out these
resources: Adamek, Mary S., and Darrow, Alice- Ann, Music in Special Education, Second Edition, Copyright 2010, The American Music Therapy Corporation
JANUARY 2013 21
http://cecp.air.org/resources/20th/eligchar.asp http://www.
about-cerebral-palsy.org http://www.ldonline.org/ldbasics/whatisld http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/pdd/pdd.htm http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/pdd-nos http://idea.ed.gov/ http://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/edlite-FAPE504.html
&
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