Land required to drive 100 kilometres Square metres

Wind

Hydrogen from lignocellulose Ethanol from lignocellulose Methanol from lignocellulose

1. 0 1.0 5. 5.3 3 7.

7.8 8.9 8

10.3 17.2 17.2 53.6 53.6

NB: Data assumes the use of fuel-cell vehicles, with conservative estimates for long-term cultivation for each crop.

Figure 3.1.3 Land required to drive 100 kilometres

Sources: Hamelinck, C. N. and Faaij, A. P., Outlook for advanced biofuels, Elsevier, 2005; University of Groningen, Effective Land Use for Renewable Energy Sources, 2009

RME from rapeseed FT from lignocellulose

Ethanol from sugarbeet

e

Europe

Wheat

Europe

Cassava

Canada

Brazil

United States

0.32

0.99

1.06

1.33

2.10

2.33

2.63

a

enewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2010. Rapeseed

Europe

Sunflower

Nigeria

Rapeseed

Soybean

Soybean

21