CPD Programme
Commercial Heating – Heat Pump
Design Heat Pump Outdoor Units AW750 AW500C
£160,000 £140,00 £120,000 £100,000 £80,000 £60,000 £40,000 £20,000 £0
Commercial Heating – Heat Pump
Biomass Boiler Gas Boiler
Figure 5: Capital and installation costs Refrigerant Pipes
Indoor Heat Pump Boiler Units
Figure 2: Heat pump water system From the example used, while the heat
pump solution has many points in its favour, it is important to emphasise the need to consider all options for each building application. It would seem that the future will include heating solutions that make use of each of the renewable technologies. The following points should be considered: • Capital and installation costs are similar for heat pump and biomass boiler, but the gas boiler has signifi cantly lower costs;
• The heat pump system costs the least to run on an annual basis, though very similar to the gas boiler. Biomass has higher running and maintenance costs;
• A biomass boiler has the lowest CO2 emissions by far, though fuel transport is not included;
• Heat pumps have the highest efficiency by far, but this can easily be reduced with poor design/application/commissioning and maintenance; and
• Gas boilers occupy the least space, though the entire heating system is comparable to heat pumps, while biomass boilers and ancilliary equipment occupy the most space.
Tariff (p/kWh)
CO2 Emission Factor (kg/ kWh)
£30,000 £25,000 £20,000 £15,000 £10,000 £5,000 £0
Commercial Heating – Heat Pump
Electricity Wood Pellets
13 0.544 4 0.026 Gas Figure 6: Annual running costs 5 0.184 Figure 4: Assumed fuel tariffs © Terry Welch
References: CIBSE Journal August 2010, CIBSE News editorial Sustainable Energy – without the hot air, David MacKay,
www.withouthotair.com CIBSE Journal August 2010, Sustainability without the hot water, Huw Blackwell CIBSE Journal August 2010, Gaining ground, Heat pumps 2 article Mitsubishi CPD 30, Information Guide, Commercial heating, 2009 Mitsubishi presentation, Commercial heating analysis, 2010 Renewable Heat Incentive,
www.rhincentive.co.uk
Fuel Storage FES
Atmospheric carbon dioxide, water and sunlight
back into the atmosphere Carbon released
Converted into new plant material through photosynthesis
Auto Feed Auger
Biomass Boiler Exchanger Auto Ash Auger
Supply and return pipework to building hot water and heating distribution systems
Heat
100,000 90,000 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 0
Commercial Heating – Heat Pump
Biomass Boiler Gas Boiler Figure 7: Annual CO2 emissions 5
4.5 4
3.5 3
2.5 2
1.5 1
0.5 0
Commercial Heating – Heat Pump (Air to Water)
Commercial Heating – Heat Pump (Ground to Water)
Biomass Boiler Gas Boiler Biomass Boiler Gas Boiler
Figure 8: Seasonal effi ciency
Boiler Room
Ash Tank Harvested and burnt Figure 3 The biomass cycle and system
www.cibsejournal.com September 2010 CIBSE Journal 77
Annual Run Costs (£) Annual CO2 Emissions (kg) Effi ciency (SCOP)
Cost (£)
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