Cell Culture
3D automation
The ability to automate 3D cell culture should facili- tate the production of large quantities of cells, but also impact how 3D generated cells are used in drug screening assays and how organs and tissues can be consistently produced. When survey respondents were asked about their use of automation in 3D cell culture today, most (86%) replied they were not yet using it and/or don’t have a system, only 7% have already implemented changes to existing 2D auto- mated cell culture systems to enable 3D, with a fur- ther 7% actively looking at or investigating 3D enhancements. In separate questions 43% of survey respondents indicated that the availability of auto- mated equipment would influence their future choice of 3D scaffold/format; and 32% indicated that they expect to be able to use existing equipment to scale up and automate their chosen 3D scaffold/format.
Latest developments in 3D cell Culture The following vendor snapshots provide addition- al details and describe some of the latest develop- ments in 3D cell culture, tissue generation and related automation:
Inspired by the principle that tissue engineering scaffolds can be used to create 3D in vitro tissue and organs, 3D Biotek (
www.3dbiotek.com) has developed two 3D cell culture product lines, the biodegradable scaffold, 3D Insert™–PCL, and non-degradable scaffold, 3D Insert™-PS. With the proprietary 3D Precision Microfabrication Technology, 3D Biotek can produce 3D scaffolds with well controlled and 100% connected porous structure. The 3D Insert™-PCL scaffolds are made from biodegradable poly(γ-caprolactone) (PCL). These PCL scaffolds are 100% interconnected, have a very well controlled porosity, and are main- ly designed for applications in tissue engineering and stem cell research. 3D Insert™-PCL has most
Figure 3:Primary cell types investigated using 3D cell culture
Stem cells (mesenchymal) Endothelial cells Fibroblasts
Stem cells (adipose-derived) Smooth muscle cells Cardiomyocytes Keratinocytes Neurons Hepatocytes
Mammary cells Stromal cells
Skeletal muscle cells Prostate cells Stem cells (neural) Umbilical cells Pancreatic cells Bone cells
Astrocytes Immune cells
Hair cells Melanocytes Aortic cells Preadipcytes Renal cells Bronchial cells B-cells
0% © HTStec 2010
Figure 4: 3D scaffolds/formats that have shown most promise
ECM (Extra Cellular Matrix)-sheet Gel/hydrogel
Porous solid/sponge Bead/microsphere Collagen tissue construct Aggregates/ spheroids
Biphasic scaffold Fibres/mesh Coating
RCCS (rotary cell culture system) Scaffold-free (hanging drop) Cell sheet
Scaffold-free (in situ derived) Sandwich method Electrospun scaffold Printed microarray
Supercritical fluid Nanowire
Film
Figure 8: 3D Biotek 3D Cell Culture Kit which contains 24 96-well 3D Insert™-PS scaffolds
Drug Discovery World Summer 2010 0% © HTStec 2010
5% 5% 5% 5%
4% 4% 4% 4%
3% 3%
5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% % Shown greatest promise
16% 12%
10% 11%
9% 7% 28% 19% 18% 21% 18% 17% 16%
15% 15%
14% 14%
13% 13%
11%
10% 10% 10%
9%
8% 8%
7% 7%
6%
6% 6%
3%
5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% % Investigated
40% 35% 27%
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