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and people in housing units. CCM does not cover Mule went on to describe the difference between
group quarters. net error and components of error and elaborated
The design involves a sample of the population on some definitions. For example, erroneous enu-
(the P sample) and an independent sample of hous- merations can be either duplications or persons
ing units in block clusters (the enumeration, or E who should not have been counted at all (e.g., those
sample, from the census). The CCM program is born after census day or who died before census
under way with the independent listing of address- day). There are no direct estimates of omissions, but
es in the sample areas (August – December 2009). because net error is equal to omissions minus erro-
Following the census, person interviewing is sched- neous enumerations, omissions are estimated as net
uled for August – October 2010, person matching error plus erroneous enumerations. The 2010 CCM
is scheduled for October 2010 – April 2011, and will identify whether omissions were in a housing
final housing unit matching is scheduled for April unit that was identified.
– July 2011. The timing is later than 2000, when Plans call for estimates broken out for three
ACE results were required in time for potential use major domains: demographic or housing character-
in adjusting the census counts. Release dates for the istics, geographic areas, and census operations. For
2010 CCM results are still under consideration, example, the intent is to produce census coverage
but Mule indicated they would be out sometime measures (correct, erroneous, imputation, omission)
in 2012. specific to not only race/ethnicity or age groups, but
As in 1980, 1990, and 2000, CCM for the 2010 to census operations such as mail response versus
census will be based on dual system estimation, but nonresponse follow up. Similarly, housing coverage
use regression modeling instead of post-stratifica- will be classified by characteristics such as occupan-
tion. The 2010 design also will introduce correla- cy status; tenure; type of structure; and operational
tion bias adjustment for males age 18 and above. categories such as address canvassing, LUCA, or
Mule explained the basics of dual-system esti- field verification.
mation with the familiar 2 by 2 table with cell prop- For sub-state areas, estimates of net error would
erties as follows. be released subject to statistical criteria not yet
defined. For persons in housing who should have
N11 Person in P sample and in E sample
been counted elsewhere, an additional table has
been proposed that will identify the correct resi-
N12 Person in P sample, but not in E sample dence as being in the same county, different county
in same state, or a different state. Another priority
N21 Person not in P sample, but in E sample
is to determine ways to reduce nonsampling error
N22 Person not in either sample
in the 2010 CCM. One possibility is to reduce the
CCM sample size—reducing nonsampling error at
the expense of an increase in sampling error.
As Mule described it, CCM measures census
A lively discussion followed. Asked how big the
coverage based on numbers in the first three cells,
CCM sample size was, Mule recalled it was about
but is unable to account for persons (or housing) in
300,000 housing units and is planned to be the
the N22 cell.
same for 2010 (unless reduced as described above).
The 2010 CCM will provide more on the
John Thompson, who was with the U.S. Census
components of census coverage. For persons in
Bureau at the time, recalled the 1990 sample as
housing, CCM will identify correct enumerations,
about 150,000.
erroneous enumerations, census imputations, and
Asked if the CCM results would contribute to
omissions. For housing units, CCM will identify
improvements in the 2020 census, Mule described
correct enumerations, erroneous enumerations,
several applications related to determining the
and omissions.
impact of operational issues and learning more
about duplications. n
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