FEATURE INDUSTRY 4.0 SECURING THE IOT


software, which is the cyberattack surface. Testing of the individual components against requirements determined by the risk assessment is the foundation of a secure product. Security is exceedingly difficult to install as a software add-on after product development. Every aspect of the product must therefore be assessed for vulnerabilities, including device hardware (chipsets, sensors and actuators), wireless communication modules and protocols, device firmware (OS and embedded applications), cloud platforms and applications. An end-to-end and continuous validation process should also be performed to determine the attack resilience of the individual components and support services. However, it is also important to go


Joe Lomako, business development manager (IoT) at TÜV SÜD, a global product testing and certification organisation


A


s devices, systems and processes become increasingly digitised and


interconnected, the Internet of Things (IoT) opens a wealth of opportunities for manufacturers. However, these same technologies also present cyberattack weaknesses, as cybercriminals seek out opportunities to hack into the critical infrastructure of connected production facilities. Likewise, in the IoT age every wireless-enabled product that is manufactured represents a potential threat to data security and privacy. A report from Make UK revealed that


60 per cent of its members have been subject to a cyber security incident, almost a third of whom suffered some financial loss or disruption to business as a result. 41 per cent of manufacturers went on to report that they have been asked by customers to demonstrate or guarantee the robustness of their cyber security processes. Manufacturers can manage


cybersecurity risk and mitigate attacks by taking a proactive and holistic security planning approach. This will help them to avoid costly product recalls, design changes and possibly heavy penalties due to any data security breaches. Such preventative security measures should begin at the design phase and employ the principle of ‘Secure by Design’. This process


10 JULY/AUGUST 2020 | IRISH MANUFACTURING


should begin with an assessment of the business impact and probability of risks, as without clearly understanding and prioritising risks, it is not possible to determine the appropriate security requirements for the product being manufactured or the manufacturer’s IoT systems.


A report from Make UK revealed that


60 per cent of its members have been subject to a cyber security incident, almost a third of whom suffered some financial loss or disruption to business as a result


Risks can be also minimised by


continuously monitoring the security of the IT infrastructure. For example, it is all too common for companies not to disconnect equipment that is no longer being used. This ‘shadow IT’, creates potential cyberattack gaps. The risks can be minimised by monitoring the security of the IT infrastructure and decommissioning equipment and software that is no longer required. After risks are understood, the next step is to evaluate the hardware and


beyond embedding security into products, and end-user behaviour should be considered. Such an approach includes unintended misuse by the end-user and ensures that they are made aware of potential issues. From a regulatory perspective, while


there are defined standards available globally, they are not complete and ratified, neither are they mandatory. In Europe the standard for IoT products is presently in draft stage, but the document contains a lot of important information and provides a security baseline of mandatory and non- mandatory provisions. Although this standard does assist in


defining and verifying a product as having a first line of defence, manufacturers should also consider their own cybersecurity programmes. For example, a starting point would be: • Think “Secure by design” and take a


proactive approach to cybersecurity recognising that attacks are “when not if”. • Ensure up to date compliance with all


standards. • Constantly review ‘cyber resistance’


status. As Industry 4.0 and the IoT advance,


systems and installations will become increasingly interconnected on a global scale. While, digitisation and the increasing connectivity provided by the IoT bring enormous opportunities, unforeseeable risks and serious vulnerabilities can be exploited by new forms of cybercrime. Both industrial IT security and the security of wireless products which manufacturers produce


/ IRISHMANUFACTURING


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