Hybrids & alternative fuel systems


Diversification is key in achieving Net Zero


Director of technical services at Worcester Bosch, Martyn Bridges, discusses the government’s Net Zero targets


I


t is evident that the government is strongly leaning towards prioritising heat pumps as the primary solution for achieving their zero carbon


targets. However, the uptake of heat pumps does not seem to be progressing as swiftly as desired. Despite approximately 60,000 heat pumps being sold last year, we are still far from reaching the target of 600,000 annual sales by the looming deadline, representing a tenfold increase from current levels. Many industry experts, including ourselves, believe that this narrow focus on heat pumps is somewhat short-sighted. Instead, the government should adopt a more technology-agnostic approach, ensuring that all viable options contribute towards the overarching goal of achieving net zero carbon emissions. A diverse range of solutions will, instead, be key.


The rise of hybrid systems


One alternative deserving of attention is a hybrid system. Hybrid systems combine a traditional gas or oil-fired boiler with a heat pump. In a country like ours, where boiler heating is predominant, swapping out these appliances for heat pumps can be technically feasible but also quite intrusive and financially burdensome, particularly without access to available grants. Furthermore, it’s crucial to consider the


demographics and housing landscape of the UK. Our housing stock generally has had no space allocated for the heating appliance and typically the boiler gets installed in the kitchen or utility room, which may explain the widespread success of combi boilers over the past three decades. It’s estimated that between 15 to 17 million homes in the UK have combi boilers installed, reflecting their suitability for our housing situation. By adding an externally sited air to water heat pump to this type of system the thorny subject of finding space internally is


24 May 2024


www.heatingandventilating.net


emerging, that hold significant potential in achieving our net zero emissions target. In addition to these considerations, it’s important


to address the challenges associated with the transition to low-carbon heating solutions. This includes not only the technological aspects but also the socio-economic implications. For instance, the affordability and accessibility of alternative heating systems must be considered to ensure a fair and equitable transition for all households, especially those on lower incomes.


Research & development


Moreover, investment in research and development is essential to drive innovation in the heating sector. By supporting the development of new technologies and solutions, we can accelerate progress towards decarbonisation and create opportunities for British industries to lead in the global transition to a sustainable future. While heat pumps have a major role to play in


decarbonising heating systems, a more diversified approach is necessary to meet the challenges ahead. By embracing a range of technologies, including hybrids, bio gases, and hydrogen, alongside supportive policies and targeted investments, we can pave the way towards a greener and more resilient heating sector in the UK. Addressing the complexities of transitioning to


low-carbon heating systems requires a multifaceted strategy. This strategy must encompass not only technological innovations but also considerations of affordability, accessibility, and socio-economic impact. Additionally, public awareness and education initiatives can play a vital role in encouraging adoption and acceptance of alternative heating solutions.


removed. A hybrid system can typically run the heating system for around 80% of the year with the Combi boiler picking up the shortfall and continuing to deliver the hot water. The prospect of incorporating additional biogases into the natural gas supply, such as bio methane, and increasing the use of hydrogen could significantly advance our efforts towards decarbonisation. Even when utilising gas for hot water generation, or during the 20% of the time when heat pumps may struggle to meet demand, use of alternative fuel would contribute to reducing carbon emissions.


Alternative fuel solutions


Similar transformations are unfolding in the realm of oil and kerosene. Heating oil stands out as one of the most carbon-intensive fuels in current use. However, there is growing recognition that HVO (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil) could serve as a highly effective alternative. If HVO were to replace kerosene entirely, carbon emissions could be slashed by approximately 85%. We therefore call upon the government to adopt a


more receptive stance towards alternatives to heat pumps. While some of these alternatives, like hybrid systems, still incorporate heat pumps, there exist a variety of other technologies, both established and


Moving forward


It is imperative that policies and regulations are adapted to incentivise the adoption of low-carbon heating technologies while also ensuring that vulnerable households are adequately supported throughout the transition. This may involve targeted subsidies, tax incentives, or funding schemes aimed at promoting the uptake of environmentally friendly heating systems. Moreover, research institutions, universities, and industry stakeholders should collaborate closely to drive innovation and develop cutting- edge technologies that can further reduce carbon emissions from the heating sector. By fostering a culture of innovation and entrepreneurship, the UK can position itself as a global leader in sustainable heating technologies. In conclusion, achieving net zero carbon emissions in the heating sector requires a comprehensive and collaborative effort involving government agencies, industry players, researchers, and the public. By embracing a diverse range of technologies, prioritising accessibility and affordability, and fostering innovation and international cooperation, the UK can pave the way towards a greener and more sustainable future for heating.


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