Handheld instruments TEST
Once the prior steps are completed, the tests can be performed. For an EV charging station there are four different charging states that need simulation:
1. EV not connected (state A)
2. EV connected, not ready to charge (state B)
3. EV connected, ventilation not required, ready to charge and output voltage present (state C)
4. EV connected, ventilation required, ready to charge (state D). As most EV chargers do not support “charging with ventilation” this is seen as an error state, and no output voltage should be present.
The test adapter connects to the installation tester or digital multimeter and the voltage presence indicator will light up if voltage is present. The instrument displays the voltage out from the charging station, which should read approximately 240 V. Repeat the voltage verification test for each of the three phases if applicable.
SIMULATE ERRORS By simulating a functioning EV, any problems can be identified in isolation to the charging station itself, rather than leaving the user to wonder whether the problem is with the vehicle or the EV. However, a full test requires simulation of different errors to check that the EV charger is correctly handling the error states. The voltage supply from the charging station should cut off when any errors occur. Running these error simulations requires the EV test adapter only. The errors that should be tested are:
PE error state "F" (Earth Fault). This simulates a wire break or interruption of the PE conductor and must terminate the charge voltage output;
Control pilot (CP) error state “E”. Simulates a short-circuit of the CP connector to PE. This must also terminate the charge voltage output but without a restart after removing the error.
TESTING WILL DRIVE GROWTH A network of EV charging stations that are readily available, easy to access, properly distanced from each other and – most importantly of all – working when the driver arrives and needs a charge, is going to be one of the most vital elements of the growth of electric vehicles.
A network of EV charging stations will need a dedicated group of EV charging station installers and testers. Those dedicated installers and testers will need the right training, processes and tools for the job.
Fluke
www.fluke.com Instrumentation Monthly May 2023 61
SPECIALIST BEARING TESTING TOOLS TICK THE RIGHT BOXES FOR BOEING
recision bearing specialists Carter Manufacturing are delighted to be building on their tier 1 supplier status in designing and manufacturing specialist aerospace bearing and tooling products for global aviation applications. A good example of this is a recent agreement with aviation giant Boeing where Carter Americas are supplying all- access proof load test torque testing tools, in addition to discussing options for also supplying swivel torque tools. Designed and manufactured by Carters’ UNASIS division these specialist bearing tools offer solutions that were not previously available, helping to increase safety and the longevity of the bearings in service. Furthermore, Carter are proud to have partnered with Boeing in designing and manufacturing a custom turnkey portable proof load test solution to work across a range of over 30 of their most popular bearings. The proof load test is a mandatory quality control process defined by a Boeing process specification BAC5435 which is conducted by measuring the axial deflection of the bearing housing under a defined load. If the bearings move more than 0.003 inches (0.0762mm) in either direction, the bearing installation has failed and must be replaced. These innovative (and essential) load test procedures underline Carter’s aviation bearing expertise,
P especially in proof load tools.
The key benefit of the All-Access style kit is that it is designed for the smallest possible tool footprint and it is highly interchangeable. This specific load tool design was developed for the MRO market to enable the tools to fit into extremely restricted on-wing locations, such as blocker doors and ailerons. To achieve this custom miniature load cells were designed and manufactured on their proprietary behalf as this solution is not commercially available anywhere else. Boeing acknowledged this as an important advantage as it seamlessly translates to clearance restrictions on new manufactured components as well. Additionally, the adaptor style design means the number of components are minimised for the largest possible range of bearings, thereby significantly reducing the cost for proof load tool kits capable of testing a wide range of bearings. Carter hold a large range of proof load test tools in stock at their facilities in the US, UK and Spain to ensure rapid international shipment. They also offer custom design and manufacturing capabilities with AOG service for urgent programs.
In addition to Aerospace bearing tools, Carter also offer Custom Aerospace Bearings for custom projects or PMA programs.
Carter Manufacturing
www.carterbearings.co.uk
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