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Everything you need to know about explosion safety
Explosi n safety covers a broad range of appl ati ns. THE USE OF EXPLOSION VENT S HE USE OF EXPLOSION VENTS
if parts of a plant are nex If a plant is situated outsi
wall, one frequent safety de buildings or
precaution is to t to an outer
install explosion vents. Such precautions are usually applied, for instance, to stationary silos, filters and elevators situated outside of buildings.
If an explosion occurs, the explosion vent protects the system by opening; this reduces any overpressure vessel, and the explosion
is released to within the
the outside. As very few processes are the same, there are numerous types of explosion vents that differ in shape and material and also in their resistance to temperature, pressure and vacuum. Even processes with considerable hygiene requirements can be equipped with explosion vents today. The explosion vent EGV HYP, made by a German company was highly successful in passing the EHEDG (European Hygienic Engineering & Design Group) cleanability test. The test involves ensuring the in- place cleanability of plant components where this is a practical requirement for the manufacturing of hy gienic products.
, FLAMELESS VEN ING IS FLAMELESS VENTING IS
ECONOMICAL AND EFFECTIVE If a plant is situated withi however, explosion vents
ECONOMICAL AND EFFEC IVE
are not suitable n a building,
for pressure relief purposes, as the safety area around them is inadequate to relieve the emerging dust and flames. Such an arrangement would pose an enormous safety risk to personnel and machinery. This problem is often solved through the use of vent ducts, which channel the spread of an explosion to the outside. Although, the disadvantage is that it prevents any process-optimised plant
design and is usually very expensive; the longer the distance between an explosion and its source, the higher the pressure which the vent duct and the plant need to withstand. This results in higher (production) costs for the vent duct. Flameless venting, on the other hand, is an option that is both economical and effective. Different manufacturers use different technologies in flameless venting. Taking a look at the special mesh filter that is used in a Q-Box or Q- Rohr, it efficiently cools down any flames, preventing both flames and pressure from emerging and ensures particulate retention. The typical increase in pressure and noise that accompanies an explosion within a building is reduced to an almost imperceptible minimum. In addition to the special stainless steel mesh filter, the Q-Rohr and Q-Box each
Explosion safe ty covers a broad ra nge of applications. In thi this art cle REMBE provi es a
brief but comprehensive overview of available protective systems for this purpose CONVEN IONAL VEN ING HROUGH
bri f but com rehensi e overview of avai ble protective systems for thi purpose CONVENTIONAL VENTING THROUGH
have an explosion vent with an
integrated signalling system that alerts the process control system when the explosion vent has opened .
EXPLOSION ISOLA EXPLOSION ISOLATION ATION
Below: Explosion vents differ from one
rectangul involve th
ar products e use of
Below: E xplosion vents differ from one
application to another, and precautions mostly involve the use of rectangular products
application to another, and precautions mostly
Bottom middle: TheBottom middle: The EHEDG-certified
G-certified
explosion vent E V HYP Bottom left: Quenc
explosion vent EGV HYP Bottom left: Quench
valves, open and closed valves, open and closed
In a production facility the individual parts of the plant are always connected by pipelines. The purpose of explosion isolation is to ensure that the pressure and the flames cannot propagate and so that any adjoining p protected. A distinct
artiicle,, REMB E provides a
ion is made between arts of the plant are
active and passive isolation systems. An active system is alerted to an explosion at an early stage, when it begins to develop. This is done through sensors or detectors that register the rise in pressure or the formation of flames and respond by activating the relevant isolator, such as a quench valve.
Passive isolation, on the other hand, responds purelymechanically to th e
of its structural char spreading or loss of
pressure, on account acteristics. This also
applies to explosion valves. Under normal operation an explosion valve in a pipeline is kept open by the available flow. When an explosion occurs, the valve is closed by the spreading of the pressure front, thus effectively preventing the pressure and the flames frompropagating any further .
EXPLOSION SUPPRESSION EXPLOSION SUPPRESSION
In addition to the methods mentioned so far, another constructional precaution is explosion suppression. It means eliminating the explosion at its very onset. This is made possible by detectors that register the presence of sparks or flames through sensors and which
immediately trigger the opening of tanks containing an extinguishing agent (also installed in the system). A highly
effective extinguishing agent is released within milliseconds, targeting th e explosion straightaway. If required, an explosion suppression system can also be used for explosion isolation purposes.
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www. 6 OC OCTOBE BER 201 2017 | FAC ACTORY EQ EQUIPMEN PMENT / FACTORY FACTORYEQUIPMENT RYEQUIPMENT
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