FEATURE COVER
FORMULATIONS
How Automotive Cooling Fluids Are Stepping Up to Support Changes in the Automotive Industry
By Pooja Sharma, Project Manager, Kline Energy
for longer fluid service life and better performance. Modern vehicles have en- gines that are downsized and have higher power density compared to convention- al vehicles so that they are compact and can run faster. These engines function at higher temperatures and need to be supported by cooling fluids that can offer good heat removal and robust corrosion protection properties. Automotive coolant technology is con- tinuously evolving to accommodate new requirements set by the automotive in- dustry. The industry is increasingly mov- ing toward cooling fluids tweaked with additives and inhibitors that offer better corrosion protection and longer service life. Conventional green coolants, which are based on inorganic additive technol- ogy (IAT), are increasingly being phased out, while demand for organic and hybrid organic acid technology-based fluids is growing.
T JUNE 2023 | LUBEZINE MAGAZINE
he automotive coolants market is changes,
in automotive design tech- nology, as well as the desire
experiencing driven by shifts
The transition in coolant technology is taking place unevenly in different geog- raphies of the world, indicating the im- portance of the role played by economic standing, age of the vehicle parc, behav- ior of fluids end users, and maintenance practices followed in different country markets. For example, traditional IAT- based coolants only have a sizable market in developing countries with older vehi- cle parc, such as Mexico and India. Fluids end users in these countries are typically price-sensitive and choose to use these fluids due to their lower price, which is well below the price of organic cooling fluids.
Newer cooling fluids formulated with
OAT and HOAT coolants are highly recommended for modern vehicles due to the many aluminium engine parts.
organic acid technology (OAT) and hy- brid organic acid technologies (HOAT) are now prevalent in most developed coun- try markets, such as the United States and the United Kingdom. These types of fluids work better in modern vehi- cles that have more aluminium parts. In fact, leading automotive original equip- ment manufacturers (OEM) in the United States, such as General Motors and Ford, currently recommend OAT-based cool- ants for their existing vehicle models. The OAT-based extended-life coolants contain organic acids, such as sebacate and 2-ethyl hexanoic acid (2-EHA), and usually do not contain silicates or phos- phates as in conventional IAT coolants. Extended-life OAT coolants typically have a recommended service life of 150,000 miles or five years (whichever comes first) in light-duty applications and up to three years or 500,000km (whichever comes first) in heavy-duty applications. These coolants provide long-term protection to aluminum and cast-iron parts.
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