| Geothermal power Motors
Typical motor driven applications include condensate, hotwell, re- injection and cooling water circulation pumps, cooling tower fans and gas re-injection compressors.
Induction motors are robust, reliable solutions for high power density, efficiency and optimal performance. Built-in flexibility enables them to be configured to match the plant’s specific needs. Permanent magnet motors offer premium efficiency. They can be combined with a variable speed drive (VSD) or used in a direct drive configuration to maximise system efficiency.
Generators
Generally, synchronous 4-pole steam turbine generators are used in high-voltage versions up to 70 MVA and are tailored to match the installation.
Motors and generators are often specified as part of a complete package including the cooling system, main terminal box, maintenance tools, VSDs, low voltage motors and control equipment as well as system monitoring and protection solutions. Efficient equipment is key to maximising the power generated from geothermal resources. High efficiency means lower losses, lower operating costs and greater power output from the same resource.
Even a small increase in efficiency can make a big difference in terms of profitability. As geothermal plants replace fossil fuel generation, efficient motors and generators also help to reduce CO2
emissions.
Reliability is enhanced by designing motors and generators for lower operating temperatures and low vibration. High reliability reduces unexpected plant downtime and therefore boosts productivity.
For geothermal plants where motors and generators operate in areas with the presence of hydrogen sulphide gas, special anti- corrosion protection might be needed. It is important to protect all metal parts, either with proper painting or coating, or by tinning or other means. Active parts can be further protected by pressurising the enclosure to prevent hydrogen sulphide from entering. The measures required for a particular plant will depend on site-specific conditions.
Kaishan projects
Typical examples of geothermal projects where ABB has provided key equipment are those constructed by Kaishan, a diversified engineering company based in China, which has developed innovative modular geothermal power stations. Kaishan has built two geothermal power plants based on this modular technology in Indonesia. The Sorik Marapi project in Sumatra has a capacity of 240 MW, while the Sokoria project in East Nusa has a capacity of 30 MW. ABB has supplied synchronous steam turbine generators rated at 12 MVA for each plant. The specification required an efficiency level of 97% and this was surpassed in type testing, where the actual efficiency level was shown to be 98.37%.
Moving to lower temperature heat sources Geothermal energy can produce baseload electricity and is an excellent complement to intermittent renewables like wind and solar. It is set to make a useful contribution to the world’s efforts to boost sustainability while cutting the emissions of greenhouse gases.
New technologies for generating electricity from geothermal energy have been developed over the years, with four types of power plant currently in commercial use. As the newer technologies enable utilisation of lower temperature heat sources, a growing number of countries around the world can take advantage of their geothermal resources.
For further information:
https://new.abb.com/motors-generators/ generators/generators-for-renewables
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