Contents Chapter Page Learning objectives


Elective Unit 5: Patterns and Processes in the Human Environment 1 Population


1


Distribution and Density


2 Population Change Over Time


8


Population distribution Population density


Case Study: Population distribution in the Italian Mezzogiorno


Population growth patterns


Changing fertility and mortality rates Demographic transition


Population structure Case Study: The challenges of Ireland’s ageing population


3 Causes and Effects of Overpopulation


26 Causes and effects of overpopulation


and possible solutions Case Study: Overpopulation in Kolkata Case Study: Overpopulation in the Sahel Impact of population growth on development


4 Migration 48 Why people migrate


Changing migration patterns in Ireland Effects of migration Issues arising from migration Irish and EU migration policies Impacts of rural/urban migration in Ireland Case Study: The effects of in-migration on Kolkata


5 Human Settlement – Location, Historic Settlement and


Settlement Patterns 74


Important terms and concepts Prehistoric and historic settlements Case Study: Youghal – the historic


development of an Irish town Rural settlement patterns


5.4 5.3 5.2 5.1


Syllabus units


5.1

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