LITERATURE UPDATE
CRISPR-Cas is currently recognised as a prospective tool for the development of therapies for TB infection (Ziehl-Neelsen stain).
challenges are still associated with off- target effects, and the current platforms also constrain the performance of the assays.
In this review, the authors highlight the merits of CRISPR/Cas systems in liquid biopsy, tracing the development of CRISPR/Cas systems and their current applications in disease diagnosis particularly in liquid biopsies. They also outline ongoing efforts to design nanoscale devices with improved sensing and readout capabilities, aiming to enhance the performance of CRISPR/Cas detectors in liquid biopsy. Finally, they identify the critical obstacles hindering the widespread adoption of CRISPR/Cas liquid biopsy and explore potential solutions. This feature article presents a
comprehensive overview of CRISPR/Cas- mediated liquid biopsies, emphasising the progress in integrating nanodevices to improve specificity and sensitivity. It also sheds light on future research directions in employing nanodevices for CRISPR/Cas-based liquid biopsies in the realm of precision medicine.
CRISPR/Cas systems combined with DNA nanostructures for biomedical applications Sun S, Yang H, Wu Z, Zhang S, Xu J, Shi P. Chem Commun (Camb). 2024 Mar 14;60 (23):3098–117. doi: 10.1039/d4cc00290c.
DNA nanostructures are easy to design and construct, have good biocompatibility, and show great potential in biosensing and drug delivery. Numerous distinctive and versatile DNA nanostructures have been developed and explored for biomedical applications. In addition to DNA nanostructures that are completely assembled from DNA,
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composite DNA nanostructures obtained by combining DNA with other organic or inorganic materials are also widely used in related research.
The CRISPR/Cas system has attracted
great attention as a powerful gene editing technology and is also widely used in biomedical diagnosis. Many researchers are committed to exploring new possibilities by combining DNA nanostructures with CRISPR/Cas systems. These explorations provide support for the development of new detection methods and cargo delivery pathways, provide inspiration for improving relevant gene editing platforms, and further expand the application scope of DNA nanostructures and CRISPR/Cas systems. This paper mainly reviews the design principles and biomedical applications of CRISPR/Cas combined with DNA nanostructures based on the types of DNA nanostructures. Finally, the application status, challenges and development prospects of CRISPR/Cas combined with DNA nanostructures in detection and delivery are summarised. It is expected that this review will
enable researchers to better understand the current state of the field and provide insights into the application of CRISPR/ Cas systems and the development of DNA nanostructures.
CRISPR-Cas System: A New Dawn to Combat Antibiotic Resistance Rafiq MS, Shabbir MA, Raza A et al. BioDrugs. 2024 May;38(3):387–404. doi: 10.1007/s40259-024-00656-3.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) can potentially harm global public health. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT), which speeds up the emergence of AMR and
increases the burden of drug resistance in mobile genetic elements (MGEs), is the primary method by which AMR genes are transferred across bacterial pathogens. New approaches are urgently needed to halt the spread of bacterial diseases and antibiotic resistance. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR), an RNA-guided adaptive immune system, protects prokaryotes from foreign DNA like plasmids and phages. This approach may be essential in limiting horizontal gene transfer and halting the spread of antibiotic resistance. The CRISPR-Cas system has been crucial in identifying and understanding resistance mechanisms and developing novel therapeutic approaches. This review article investigates the CRISPR-Cas system’s potential as a tool to combat bacterial AMR. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria can be targeted and eliminated by the CRISPR-Cas system. It has been proven to be an efficient method for removing carbapenem-resistant plasmids and regaining antibiotic susceptibility. The CRISPR-Cas system has enormous potential as a weapon against bacterial AMR. It precisely targets and eliminates antibiotic-resistant bacteria, facilitates resistance mechanism identification, and offers new possibilities in diagnostics and therapeutics.
CRISPR-Cas system: A promising tool for rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 variants
Li J, Zhang K, Lin G, Li J. J Med Virol. 2024 Jan;96(1):e29356. doi: 10.1002/jmv.29356.
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, remains a global health crisis. The emergence of multiple variants with enhanced characteristics necessitates their detection and monitoring. Genome sequencing, the gold standard, faces implementation challenges due to complexity, cost and limited throughput. The CRISPR-Cas system offers promising potential for rapid variant detection, with advantages such as speed, sensitivity, specificity and programmability. This review provides an in-depth examination of the applications of CRISPR-Cas in mutation detection specifically for SARS-CoV-2. It begins by introducing SARS-CoV-2 and existing variant detection platforms. The principles of the CRISPR-Cas system are then clarified, followed by an exploration of three CRISPR-Cas-based mutation detection platforms, which are evaluated from different perspectives. The review discusses strategies for mutation site selection and the utilisation of CRISPR-Cas, offering valuable insights for the development of mutation
JUNE 2024
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