ADDITIVES | PROCESSING AIDS


Figure 4: Example PVC formulations and comparative performance of Struktol’s V-Wax E and V-Wax OP against traditional montan waxes


K58 Resin


High Tin Stabilizer Impact Modifier Process Aid


Montan Wax E Montan Wax OP Struktol V-Wax E Struktol V-Wax OP Fusion Time, s Fusion Torque,


Equilibrium Torque Equilibrium Temp, °C Degradation Time, min. Clarity


Source: Struktol


Control 100.0 2.0


10.0 1.4 0.5 0.5


14 55 24


192 >30 +++


A


100.0 2.0


10.0 1.4


0.5 0.5 12 56 24


193 >30 +++


B


100.0 2.0


10.0 1.4 0.5


0.5 12 56 25


193 >30 +++


C


100.0 2.0


10.0 1.4


0.5 0.5


14 52 26


192 >30 +++


polyolefins – with very high filler loadings (70-80% talc or calcium carbonate, for example) without significant loss of processability. Fulmer says these products were originally developed for use with untreated fillers and provide a form of in-situ treatment (Figure 5). There are two grades available – Struktol TR 451 and TR 055 – which are described respectively as a blend of special oleo chemicals and a blend of fatty acid derivatives and metal soap.


Synthetic options Poland’s Euroceras has been producing various types of waxes for more than 30 years. Now part of Keim-Additec, it has developed some synthetic Ceralene polyester waxes that it says show proper- ties comparable to those of montan waxes for use in various application fields. It has also developed oxidised and functionalised polyethylene waxes. The most recent developments from the company include its Ceralene 691, 693 and 694 grades. They are designed to improve pigment dispersion in colour masterbatches and are said to be compatible with a broad range of thermoplas- tics. Polarity can be adjusted according to the polymer they are intended to be used with, the company says. The new grades can also can be used in PVC as internal and external lubricants (Figure 6). They are characterised by high melt strength and low volatility (molecular weight is around 2,000).


Figure 5: Effect on torque during mixing of addition of Struktol TR 451 to a 5 MFR PP filled with 40% calcium carbonate Source: Struktol


Figure 6: Comparison of volatility of Ceralene 691 and 694


against various alternative processing aids Source: Euroceras


Volatility (air) % Pd TGA-air-ISO250


100 98 96 94 92 90 88 86 84 82 80


CLICK ON THE LINKS FOR MORE INFORMATION: � www.voelpker.com � www.velox.com �www.clariant.com � www.emeryoleo.com � www.struktol.com � www.euroceras.com


0


50 100 150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 5


10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60


250 65 70 75 80


˚C 85 min


* new products under development


66


COMPOUNDING WORLD | April 2018


www.compoundingworld.com


remaining weight


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