• The number of suppliers for replacement stock should be limited. The health status of replacement stock should be evaluated before purchase;


• During the quarantine period, clinical surveillance should be combined with serological and virological surveillance, as appropriate.


3. Disposal of carcasses Vehicles collecting dead animals represent a major risk for the


transmission of the disease. These vehicles should not enter the farm, and pig carcasses have to be collected outside the fence or premises. Drivers have to strictly follow farm biose- curity protocols and they should not enter the holding. Carcasses of domestic pigs and wild boar found dead in the infected areas should be processed and tested to detect the presence of ASF virus. Carcasses, discarded parts from slaugh- tered pigs should be disposed by incineration or burial. No part of any wild boar should be brought into a pig holding.


4. Vehicles, clothing and footwear • Vehicles used for transport of pigs should be cleaned and


disinfected immediately after each time transport of ani- mals takes place, and if necessary before any new loading


of animals using disinfectants, and provide documentary evidence that these operations have been performed.


• In cleaning and disinfecting the vehicles, attention should be given to the truck body, the loading ramp, the equip- ment that had contact with pigs, the driver’s cabin and athe protective clothes/boots used during unloading.


• Drivers should follow farm biosecurity protocols when handling animals and, as a rule, they should not enter into pig holdings.


5. Workers and visitors • People entering the farm, including farmers and workers


should not have been in contact with other pigs recently.


• Every visitor should be provided with specific clothes and footwear to be used and left on the farm.


6. Slurry Commercial pig holdings should be provided with storage basins,


which allow manure treatment with disinfectants. Where neces- sary, the dispersion of pig slurry on agricultural lands should be avoided since African Swine Fever virus can be introduced into the environment infecting wild boar and free ranging pigs.


7. Genetic materials To ensure that semen is free from the ASF virus, provisions and


requirements provided in the EU legislation and by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) should be followed.


8. Reducing direct pig-to-pig contact The primary route of transmission of ASF is by direct contact


between infected and susceptible pigs. Therefore, in risk are- as it is necessary to adopt specific measures to minimise the risk of introducing the disease into the herd by direct contact, especially from wild pigs.


This article was compiled using a comprehensive review from 2016, authored by Italian scientists Silvia Bellini, Domenico Rutili and Vittorio Guberti, published in Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica.


▶ PIG PROGRESS | Volume 34, No. 5, 2018 29


Every visitor should be pro- vided with spe- cific clothes and footwear to be used and left on the farm.


PHOTO’S: HENK RISWICK


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