Figure 2 Pro- posed new de- sign for the feed processing line.
Then the final mixture is subjected to mild conditioning with only 40-50 ˚C (by a small amount of steam or even hot wa- ter) before being pelleted by the pellet mill. In spite of mild conditioning at this stage, the quality of the pellets (e.g. the pellet durability index and hardness) will remain satisfactory because of the previous conditioning. Practical results show that the energy consumption of pellet mills has decreased and the output of pellets (tonnes/h) and the longevity of the die have increased in this design. After the pelleting process is complete, the temperature and moisture of pellets are reduced by a cooler.
Design advantages and disadvantages The suggested feed processing line has advantages and disadvantages compared with a conventional feed processing line.
Advantages:
• Less thermal loss of feed additives • Flexibility to apply more thermal treatments (higher tem- perature and extended conditioning time) of the main ingredients without any concern about feed-additive losses
• Flexibility to use low-value crops and by-products using appropriate thermal processing
• Producing more hygienic feed using higher temperatures and retention time in the conditioner
• Usable for dry (powder) forms of feed additives • Better mix uniformity of dry feed additives with the condi- tioned main ingredients
Disadvantages:
• More initial investment is needed because of the need to add an additional mixer and dryer
• More attention needs to be devoted to the hygienic quality of purchased feed additives (because there is less thermal application)
Conclusion
Feed additives such as vitamins, probiotics, and commercial enzymes are expensive components of modern animal feed. Most of these materials are heat-sensitive. To maintain the ef- ficacy of these materials, the feed industry uses different strategies, including excess use of materials, a heat-resistant or coated form for some materials and vacuum coating tech- nology. Nevertheless, these methods are expensive and have limitations. An alternative method to protect feed additives is to install a mixer layout after thermal processing and to add feed addi- tives to the mixer to avoid the high temperatures.
▶ ALL ABOUT FEED | Volume 28, No. 5, 2020 17
Results show that with the use of an alter- native feed pro- cessing line the output of pellet (tonnes/h) and lthe ongevity of the die have in- creased.
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