Materials Applications
Probabilistic Reconstruction of Austenite Microstructure from Electron Backscatter Diffraction Observations of Martensite by AF Brust, EJ Payton, TJ Hobbs, V Sinha, VA Yardley, and SR Niezgoda, Microsc Microanal |
https://doi.org/10.1017/ S1431927621012484.
Understanding the mechanical properties of quench-and-
temper steels requires an accurate representation of the prior austenite microstructure. Observations from electron backscat- ter diffraction (EBSD) data can be used to reconstruct the prior austenite microstructure but become obfuscated due to noise associated with the transformation. Tis includes variation in the orientation relationship (OR), the 24 potential martensite variants associated with a single prior austenite grain (PAG), plasticity associated with the phase transformation, indexing uncertainty associated with EBSD measurements, and the exis- tence of annealing twins. Experimentally, etchant techniques require impurities, such as high concentrations of C and P, and fail to capture fine-grained microstructures. Most existing com- putational reconstruction techniques use point-to-point or flood fill algorithms that struggle in the face of increasing noise and fail to capture prior austenite twins. Tis work uses a clustering algorithm known as graph cutting to probabilistically recon- struct the prior austenite microstructure for 2 different steel specimens and a binary ferrous alloy based on the crystallogra- phy associated with the austenite to martensite transformation (Figure).
Enlarged section of EBSD-indexed martensite (top) and the reconstructed prior austenite microstructure (bottom) of an AF9628 steel specimen.
Biological Applications
ITGB1 Enhances the Proliferation, Survival and Motility in Gastric Cancer Cells by SN Cheng, XY Li, Y Yuan, CS Jia, LR Chen, Q Gao, Z Lu, RN Yang, GC Nie, J Yang, W Duan, L Xiao, and YC Hou, Microsc Microanal |
https://doi.org/10.1017/ S1431927621012393.
Gastric cancer (GC) is an important cause of mortality
worldwide, especially in China. ITGB1 (Integrin β1, CD29) is a member of the integrin family that functions as a major adhe- sion receptor. As a potential cancer enhancer, the role that ITGB1 plays in GC progression is not clear. Tis work found that the high expression of ITGB1 was closely correlated with a poor prognosis for GC patients. Tumor malignancy-associated cell behaviors and microstructures were detected, imaged, and analyzed. Results indicated that ITGB1 deletion using the CRISPR/Cas9 method markedly decreased GC cell proliferation and motility and inhibited motility relevant microstructures such as pseudopodia and filopodia in ITGB1-deleted SGC7901 cells (Figure). Analysis of the STRING database for associations between proteins and western blot analysis indicated that ITGB1 contributes to the malignancy of GC mediated by Src-mediated FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Taken together, this investi- gation showed that ITGB1 may be a potential targeting marker for GC diagnosis and therapy.
56 doi:10.1017/S1551929521001255
F-actin (green)
illustrating decreased pseudopodia and filopodia in ITGB1-
deleted cells (bottom row) compared to cells with ITGC1. Blue stain is DAPI showing nuclei (scale bar: 25μm).
www.microscopy-today.com • 2021 November
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