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Bright & Shiny Straightforward Baling
COUNTRY LIFE IN BC • JUNE 2018
Weevils pose challenges Spraying for SWD offering some control
by RONDA PAYNE ABBOTSFORD – Weevils
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don’t like light, have sneaky behaviours and love berry plants. As nocturnal pests, they can be challenging but there are methods to spot and control them, according to entomologists Tracy Hueppelsheuser with the BC Ministry of Agriculture in Abbotsford and Hollis Spitler of Washington State University in Mount Vernon. Both have studied the pest for years and spoke to growers at the Pacific Agriculture Show earlier this year. Signs of weevils in
strawberries will include frass, or a sawdust-like material, as well as tunneling and tracking in and around the fleshy roots. “In strawberries, you really
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recognize damage after harvest,” says Spitler. He notes that often blueberries will show damage in younger fields and it’s hard to find larva or adults in well- established fields except in early spring or late fall. His advice is to check in the soil around the crown. In blueberry fields, the outer surface of wood at the root is eaten off, Hueppelsheuser told growers. “You might even see
girdling of whole stems.” In the field, plants will be
weak, have poor growth and may even have notching in the leaves from adult weevils. The location and severity of damage will help to identify the weevil species, which can be typed by a lab. “It’s a good idea to map or
look for where those weak spots are,” she says, “because they will be in patches.” But, as Hollis points out, the damage may not always be seen in the field or it may look like something else.
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Hueppelsheuser advises to pull up strawberry plants – especially in spring – to examine the roots and shake the plant over a drop sheet to see if there are weevils. “The number that you find
isn’t really going to help you determine the amount damage you’re going to see,” she cautions. “It’s more of a find or don’t find situation.” Raspberries are less
affected by weevils because of their robust growth. “Raspberries can sometimes outgrow the problem and you won’t see them,” Spitler notes. Weevils will make
hibernation dens in the soil as they go from larvae to pupae (in the soil) then emerge as adults. However, they won’t always be in the rows; sometimes they will be in the soil between the rows. “They come out at night
and you can collect them,” he says. “You’ll find healthy adults on the underside of leaves. They are mostly nocturnal. They don’t like light. It’s a lot of on-the-ground work.” If discovered, there are some chemical options to dealing with weevils.
“We do have some choices – limited choices,” Hueppelsheuser says. “So we have to use them carefully, limitedly and judiciously.” Because weevils may be on the undersides of leaves, Spitler adds that it takes the right kind of spray equipment to get the treatments to the right place. He advises to spray just the weevil problem areas and the bordering spaces of those areas without going “crazy” with the treatment. “Directed spraying is key,”
he says. “Air spraying isn’t going to help with weevils. We’ve tried injections with varied results.” He has also found that some of the spraying for Spotted Wing Drosophila (SWD) in berry plants has killed some of the adult weevils as well. “We’ve been chasing
weevils for quite a few years,” he says. A weevil identification fact sheet can be found on the BC Ministry of Agriculture website and the WSU berry production guide is another good source of information, Hueppelsheuser notes.
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