CITRUS


249


‘Reinking’. White fl esh; seedy. Not as sweet as ‘Chandler’. ‘Tahitian’ (‘Sarawak’). Green-


ish white fl esh; moderately acidic fl avor with lime overtones.


GRAPEFRUIT Trees can reach 25–30 ft. tall (most are shorter), with large, dark green leaves. True grape- fruit needs heat for sweet-tart fruit and is best grown in the desert, where fruit ripens in 9 months (can take a year or lon- ger where there’s less heat). Elsewhere, pummelo-grapefruit hybrids ‘Oroblanco’ and ‘Melo- gold’ are better; they will ripen in 9 to 12 months, depending on climate. At the end of the following list is a variety (‘Cock- tail’) sold as a grapefruit, though it isn’t really one. ‘Flame’. Seedless red fl esh similar to that of ‘Rio Red’; slight rind blush. ‘Marsh’ (‘Marsh Seedless’). Main white-fl eshed commercial variety. Large, light yellow fruit. ‘Melogold’. Grapefruit-pummelo


hybrid developed by the Univer- sity of California. Needs less heat than true grapefruit, but fruit doesn’t hold as well on the tree. Fruit is bigger, heavier, and thinner skinned than that of ‘Oroblanco’, and its seedless white fl esh has more of a sweet- tart fl avor. ‘Oroblanco’. Sister fruit to ‘Melogold’, with sweeter seed- less white fl esh. Has same low heat requirement but is smaller and thicker skinned. ‘Redblush’ (‘Ruby’, ‘Ruby


Red’). Seedless grapefruit with red-tinted fl esh. Red internal color fades to pink, then buff. ‘Rio Red’. Seedless grape-


fruit with good rind blush and fl esh nearly as red as that of ‘Star Ruby’. More dependable producer than ‘Star Ruby’. ‘Star Ruby’. Seedless grape-


fruit with reddest color. Prone to cold damage, erratic bearing, and other growing problems. Doesn’t withstand desert heat. ‘Cocktail’. Labeled a grape-


fruit, but actually a mandarin- pummelo hybrid. Large fruit with greenish orange (or mottled orange-and-green) skin and pale orange, very seedy fl esh. Sweeter than grapefruit, with distinctive fl avor. Best quality in warm-summer areas, but worth growing in cooler regions.


LEMON


Lemons’ low heat requirement makes them widely adapted and especially appreciated in regions where sweet oranges and grapefruit won’t ripen. They do best near the coast, where they usually bear year-round, though some varieties are very successful in the desert. Stan- dard varieties like ‘Eureka’ and ‘Lisbon’ are best pruned every year or two to manage size. ‘Eureka’. Standard lemon of


markets. Bears all year. Not as vigorous as ‘Lisbon’. To 20 ft. tall, with somewhat open growth; branches have few thorns. As a dwarf, it is a dense tree with large, dark leaves. New growth on both standard-size and dwarf plants is bronzy purple. ‘Improved Meyer’. The word


“improved” refers to the fact that it is a disease-free form, the only one that can be sold in California and Arizona. This is the best lemon for Hawaii. Fruit is quite different from commer- cial lemon—rounder, thinner skinned, orange-yellow in color. Tangy aroma but less acidic fl a- vor than standard lemon; very juicy. Bears some fruit year- round, especially near the coast, and starts bearing at an early age. Tree is not a dwarf on its own roots, though it is some- times sold as an own-root plant that can reach 12 ft. tall, 15 ft. wide. On a dwarf rootstock, it’s half that size. ‘Lisbon’. Vigorous, upright,


thorny tree to 20–25 ft. tall; denser than ‘Eureka’. Can be trimmed up into highly decora- tive small tree. Fruit practically identical to that of ‘Eureka’. Ripens mostly in fall but has some ripe fruit all year. More resistant to cold than ‘Eureka’ and better adapted to high heat; best lemon for Arizona. There is also a seedless form. ‘Ponderosa’. A novelty. Bears


huge, rough lemons with thick, coarse skin; 2-lb. fruits are not unusual. Mild lemon fl avor. Bears at early age, frequently at gallon-can size. Main crop in win- ter, with some fruit through year. Open, angular branching; large, widely spaced leaves. To 8– 10 ft. tall; dwarf reaches 4–6 ft. ‘Variegated Pink’ (‘Pink Lem-


onade’). Sport of ‘Eureka’ with green-and-white leaves and green stripes on immature fruit;


C


everbearing like ‘Eureka’. Light pink fl esh doesn’t need heat to develop color. Handsome land- scape tree. ‘Villa Franca’. Generally simi- lar to ‘Eureka’, but tree is larger and more vigorous, with denser foliage and thornier branches. Fruit is similar to that of ‘Eureka’; comes mainly from fall through winter. Sold in Ari- zona to grow in Zones 12, 13; not common in California.


LIME


The various limes range from moderately to extremely cold sensitive; they are most reliable in areas where hard frosts are


clockwise from top: ‘Eureka’ lemons; ‘Minneola’ tangelos; kumquats


uncommon. They can succeed in colder areas if grown in pots and protected in winter. Depend- ing on variety, fruit may be sour or nearly devoid of acid. ‘Bearss’. Best lime for Califor- nia and Hawaii gardens. It is a type of the “Persian” or “Tahi- tian” lime commonly grown in Florida. Tree is quite angular and open when young but forms a dense, round crown when mature; reaches 15–20 ft. (half that size on dwarf rootstock). It


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