CISSP Domain 8 Domain Description Harriet Tubman’s Work
Application Security From the CISSP® CBK®: The escape system was “underground”
in the sense of being a resistance.
Application Security refers to the Tubman implemented security control
controls that are included within and standards based on the environment
applied to system and application soft- of threats that placed the underground
ware. Application software includes: system at risk; like a CISSP would when
agent, applets, operation systems, planning the Application Security for
application software, databases, data today’s applications.
warehouses, knowledge-based sys-
tems, etc. Separations of Duties: individuals had
specific duties to carry out. This sepa-
System feasibility: Identify the secu- ration aided in safeguarding the secre-
rity requirements, policies, standards, cy of the Underground Railroad.
etc., that will be needed. Software
plans and requirements: Identify the Internal Risks: Harriet Tubman warned
vulnerabilities, threats, and risks. all passengers of the Underground
Plan the appropriate level of protec- Railroad that once the journey began,
tion. Complete a cost-benefit analysis. anyone who wanted to turn back
Product design: Plan for the security would be shot dead; internal intruder
specifications in product design (access risk. Application Security controls can
controls, encryption, etc.). Detailed kill a process that is attempting to gain
design: Design the security controls in unauthorized privileges to compromise
relationship to the business needs and an operating systems security.
legal liabilities.
“You’ll be free or die.”
Privileges: Job roles should only be – Harriet Tubman
given the necessary level of access it
takes to perform a task.
Underground Railroad Developers:
Separations of Duties: Control objec- Escaped slaves would move along
tive is to prevent fraud and errors. Job the route from one way station to
tasks and privileges are disseminated the next, steadily making their way
among multiple entities; ex. A check north. “Conductors” on the railroad
requiring two signatures. came from various backgrounds and
included free-born blacks, white
Software Developers: Develop the abolitionists, former slaves (either
security-related software code and escaped or manumitted), and Native
documentation. Integration product: Americans.
Test security measures incorporated
into software and make refinements.
Implementation: Implement security
measures and software and test before
“going live.” Operations and main-
tenance: Monitor security software
for changes, test against threats, and
implement appropriate changes when
necessary.
The Official Magazine of the NSBE Alumni Extension November 2009 | Alumni Arsenal • 35
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